【句子】

Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
直到1866年第一條橫跨大西洋的電纜才完全成功的架通。

【解析】

與not until的用法

【介詞until】
作介詞的until 的英文解釋是up to a specified time (直到某一時(shí)刻)或up to the time of a specified event (直到發(fā)生某事)。

1)until 用于肯定句中，表示句子的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until短語所表示的時(shí)間為止，即表示動(dòng)作的終點(diǎn)。一般可譯為“直到……時(shí)(為止)”或“在……以前”。在這種用法中，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞(非瞬間動(dòng)詞)，如live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。

He will be working until 5 o'clock.
他將一直工作到五點(diǎn)鐘。

2)until用于否定句中，表示句子的動(dòng)作直到until短語所表示的時(shí)間才開始發(fā)生，即表示動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)。一般譯為“直到……才”或“直到……之前(……還不)” 。

The secret was never told until after the old man's death.
這個(gè)秘密在老人去世后才說出來。

【連詞until】
作連詞用的until的英文釋義是up to the time when(直到……時(shí)為止)。

1)作連詞的until用于肯定句中，表示主句的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)時(shí)為止。一般可譯為“……直到……為止”。在這種用法中，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞(非瞬間動(dòng)詞)，如live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。

Continue in this direction until you see a sign.
一直朝著這個(gè)方向走就會(huì)看見指示牌了。

2)作連詞的until用于否定句中,表示主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前尚未發(fā)生，或者說主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之后才開始。一般可譯為“直到……才”。

I won't stop shouting until you let me go.
你不放我，我就一直喊叫

【“not until” 的兩種強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)】

1)結(jié)構(gòu)A：It is (was) not until + 時(shí)間狀語(從句)+ that +主句

It was not until yesterday that I remembered it.
直到昨天我才記起這事。

2)結(jié)構(gòu)B：Not until +時(shí)間狀語(從句)+主句的倒裝句

Not until she got home did she realize that she had lost her necklace.
直到她到了家才發(fā)現(xiàn)她丟了項(xiàng)鏈。

s succeed successful辨析

1)success 名詞

Failure is the mother of success.
失敗是成功之母

2)succeed 動(dòng)詞
詞組：succeed in doing sth.

One event succeeded another.
事情一件接著一件發(fā)生

3)successful 形容詞
詞組：be successful in sth./doing sth.可形容名詞

You have passed two very difficult examinations and you are very successful in your method of study.
你考到這兩次最困難的考試，你讀書方法是很成功的。

3.transatlantic
a. 橫渡大西洋的,大西洋那邊的,美國的

They are our transatlantic friends.
他們是我們?cè)诖笪餮蟊税兜呐笥选?

【練習(xí)】

Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him. （10江西）
A did he begin ??B had he begun ? C he began ? D he had begun

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