高考英語陷阱考點·強調句型
大家知道，英語強調句型的基本結構是it is…that…，而不是it is … when…，所以有的同學下題選擇了A。
It was ten o’clock ______ he came back.
A. that??????? B. when??????? C. so????????? D. which
其實此題最佳答案為B，這不是一個強調句型。when引導的是一個時間狀語從句，全句意為“當他回來時，時間是10點鐘”。比較以下強調句型：
It was at ten o’clock that he came back. 他是10點鐘回來的。
It was after ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10點過后回來的。
It was before ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10點前回來的。
再比較：
It is autumn when leaves fall. 當樹葉落的時候就是秋天了。
It is in autumn that leaves fall. 樹在秋天落葉。
另外，下面的句子也不是強調句型：
1. It’s a long time ______ I met you last.
A. that??????? B. since??????? C. when????????? D. which
2. It was more than a year now _____ he had seen her.
A. that??????? B. since??????? C. when????????? D. which
3. “Was it here _____ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, it was gone.”
A. that?????? B. while?????? C. which?????? D. where
以上三題均選B，即前面兩句填since，其意為“自從”；第3題填while，其意為“在……期間”。
二、受疑問句式的影響將強調句型誤判為非強調句型。如：
1. When was _____ that the general manager left for Japan?
A. he???????? B. it??????? C. that??????? D. since???
答案選B，為強調句的特殊疑問句形式?？梢暈?It was in May that the general left for Japan的特殊疑問句形式。
2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that?????????? B. he that??????? C. it when???????????? D. he which
答案選A，為強調句的特殊疑問句形式，其相應的陳述句形式為：It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
3. Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?
A. since????? B. as???????? C. that????????? D. he
答案選C，被強調成分為 who，該句實為類似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 這類強調句的特殊疑問句形式（即對其中的Tom 提問而得）。
4. What is it _____ his daughter needs most?
A. what?????? B. which???????? C. that????????? D. if
答案選C，被強調成分為 what，該句實為類似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 這類強調句的特殊疑問句形式（即對其中的a bike 提問而得）。
三、受復雜結構的影響將強調句型誤判為非強調句型。如：
1. It might have been John _____ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that??????? B. when??????? C. what????????? D. which
答案選A，為強調句型，只是其中的動詞be采用了might have been這一復雜結構。
2. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.
A. which?????? B. as??? C. what?????? D. that
答案選D，為強調句型，被強調部分為 what he meant rather than what he said，句意為“讓我生氣的不是他說的話，而是他話中的意思”。
3. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him his job.
A. which????? B. since???? C. that???????? D. what
答案選C，為強調句型，被強調成分為 his nervousness in the interview，句意為“很可能是面試時表現出緊張，使他失去了這份工作”。
4. It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one??????? B. that?????? C. what??????? D. it
答案選B，為強調句型，被強調成分為 the ability to do the job，句意為“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你來自何地或你是從事什么工作的”。
5. It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which??? B. that, that??? C. where, that????? D. which, that
答案選C，為強調句型，被強調成分是 in the room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語從句。
6. It was _____back home after the experiments.
A. not until midnight did he go???????????? B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went????????? D. until midnight when he didn’t go
答案選C，為not…until…句式的強調結構(it be not until…that…)句式的強調結構。
7. It was with great joy _____ he received the news ______ his lost daughter had been found.
A. because, when?????????????????????????????? B. which, that
C. since, how????????????????????????????????? D. that, that
答案選D，第一空填that，構成強調句型，被強調成分為 with great joy；第二空也填that，用以引導同位語從句，修飾名詞the news。
8. I don’t know _____makes her afraid of having her business discussed.
A. what it is about Mary that?????????????? B. that is it abut Mary what
C. what is it about Mary that?????????????? D. that is about Mary what
答案選A，在通常情況下，強調結構的特殊疑問句形式為“疑問詞+is it that…?”，但此題強調的是賓語從句，其語序與陳述句相同，所以是what it is…that…
四、受插入語的影響將強調句型誤判為非強調句型。如：
1. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as?????? C. that?????? D. what
答案選C，為強調句型，被強調成分為 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入了 not of effort這一成分，許多同學便看不出這是強調結構。
2. It was because of English girlfriend, believe it or not, ______ his English improved so greatly.
A. which??? B. as?????? C. that?????? D. what
答案選C，為強調句型，被強調成分為 because of English girlfriend。由于句中插入了believe it or not這一成分，致使許多同學誤認為這是一個非限制性定語從句。
五、受省略結構的影響將強調句型誤判為非強調句型。如：
“Who are making so much noise in the garden?” “_______ the children.”
A. It is??????? B. They are???? C. That is????????????? D. There are
答案選A，答語為強調句型 It is the children who are making so much noise 之省略。
六、因忽略句子結構而將強調句型誤判為非強調句型。如：
______ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late???????????? B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late??????? D. It was because we were late
此題容易誤選D，認為強調的是原因狀語從句 because we were late。但實際上，此題的答案為B，強調的是句子主語 our being late，此題若還原成非強調句，即為：Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual. 注意，強調句的一個顯著特點是，若去掉強調結構 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立；換句話說，該結構中的 it is [was]… that… that 不能充當句子成分，而實際上句中的動詞cause需要有自己的主語。
