1. I'm sorry, _________ I won't be able to come tonight.
A. for B. and C. but D. then
【陷阱】容易誤選A,因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮木渥邮怯靡哉f明 I'm sorry 的原因的,所以便想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為要選for來表示原因。
【分析】事實(shí)上,I'm sorry 后習(xí)慣上不接表示原因的連詞for后習(xí)慣上不接表示原因的連詞,而接表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but(也可省略 but),用以委婉地提出一個(gè)使對(duì)方不快的事實(shí)。又如:
Oh, sorry, but she's out. 哦,不好意思,她出去了。
I'm sorry, but I have to disagree. 對(duì)不起,我不敢茍同。
I'm sorry, but I have already had another appointment. 對(duì)不起,我已經(jīng)有約會(huì)了。
注:I'm sorry 后雖然不能接表原因的連詞for,但卻可接介詞 for。如:
I'm sorry for shouting at you. 對(duì)不起沖你嚷嚷了。
I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不該對(duì)你講那些話。

2. The point is not who said the words, _________ they are true or not.
A. but whether B. and whether C. but how D. and how
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為A。此題涉及兩個(gè)搭配:一是 not ... but ...(不是……而是……),二是 whether ... or not (是否)。請(qǐng)看類例:
He was not an actor, who often appeared on stage, _________ a writer, writing stories.
A. but B. and? C. then D. so
答案選A,主要考查 not ... but ... 結(jié)構(gòu)。

3. Just because they make more money than I do, _________ they seem to look down on me.
A. so B. and C. but D. 不填
【陷阱】但容易誤選A,將漢語的"因?yàn)椤浴?直譯為 because ... so ...。
【分析】此題正確答案為D,但是按英語語法,because 為從屬連詞,用以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,它表明整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句;而 so 在表示"所以"時(shí),它是并列連詞,用以連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞 because,又用了并列連詞 so,使得該句一半像復(fù)合句,一半像并列句,從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是,任意去掉 because 和 so 中的一個(gè),使之要么成為復(fù)合句,要么成為并列句。
4. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _________ he won first prize.
A. but B. and C. even D. 不填
【陷阱】容易誤選A,將漢語的"雖然……但是……"直譯為 although ... but ...。
【分析】正確答案選D。按英語語法,although 為從屬連詞,用以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,它表明整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句;而although but 在表示"但是"時(shí),它是并列連詞,用以連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞 although,又用了并列連詞 but ,使得該句一半像復(fù)合句,一半像并列句,從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是,任意去掉 although ,使得該句一半像復(fù)合句,一半像并列句,從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是,任意去掉和 but 中的一個(gè),使之要么成為復(fù)合句,要么成為并列句。其實(shí),此題與上面一題的分析思路是一樣的。這里順便說一句,許多同學(xué)(包括許多老師和教學(xué)參考書)為了便于記憶,將此題與上面一題的知識(shí)點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)單地歸納為"按英語習(xí)慣,because和so不可連用,although 與 but 與不可連用"。這種說法在通常情況下無疑是對(duì)的,也是有效的,但同學(xué)們一定要在明白以上道理的情況下來使用此規(guī)則,如果只是死記該規(guī)則,有時(shí)遇到一些語言特例仍然會(huì)出錯(cuò)。如:
But I didn't know that then, although I learned it later. 但我當(dāng)時(shí)的確不知道此事,盡管后來我還是知道了。
此句既用了并列連詞 but,又用了從屬連詞 although,但它并未造成錯(cuò)誤,原因是此句與上面所討論的情形有所不同, although but 用于 although 之前,but 在此僅起到與上文轉(zhuǎn)折的作用,but 后的 I didn't know that then, although I learned it later. 仍為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。
I tried doing the accounts, but although I knew some maths I found it very difficult. 我試著算這些賬,但盡管我懂點(diǎn)數(shù)學(xué),仍感到很困難。
此句將 but 與 although 用在一起,但此句也沒有錯(cuò)誤。該句從總體來看,它是一個(gè)以并列連詞 but 連接的并列句,而在該并列句的后面一句又是一個(gè)包含讓步狀語從句 although I knew some maths 的復(fù)合句--這種句型就是所謂的并列復(fù)合句。此句也可改寫為 I tried doing the accounts, but I found it very difficult although I knew some maths.

5. When the last prize had been awarded _________ everybody cleared off.
A. and B. so C. or D. 不填
【陷阱】容易想當(dāng)然地誤選A。
【分析】句首 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,它暗示整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句;而so, and, or 為并列連詞,無論選哪一個(gè),都表明整個(gè)句子為并列句,從而導(dǎo)致前后矛盾,所以A、B、C均不能選擇。此題正確答案選D,everybody cleared off 為整個(gè)復(fù)合句的主句。請(qǐng)看類似例子:
(1) If wishes were horses, _________ beggars would ride.
A. and B. so C. or D. 不填
(2) If I'm mistaken, _________ you are mistaken too.
A. so B. and C. or D. 不填
(3) Just before I left London, _________ I sent him a telegram.
A. and B. so C. or D. 不填
(4) After they had each said a few words, _________ Lloyd George took the floor.
A. and B. so C. or D. 不填答案
均選D,空格前分別為 if, when, before, after 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,空格后為整個(gè)復(fù)合句的主句。