連詞and的若干條用法說明
?1. 連接兩個相同的比較級,表示“越來越……”。如:The car runsfaster and faster. 汽車開得越來越快。Our country is becomingmore and more beautiful. 我們國家變得越來越美麗。
2. 連接兩個相同的動詞,表示動作的反復或連續(xù)。如:We ran andran. 我們跑呀跑呀。The boys laughed and laughed. 這些孩子笑個不停。
3. 連接兩個相同的名詞,表示“ 許多”或“有各種各樣的” (即有好的也有壞的)。如:We waited for hours and hours. 我們不知等了多少個小時。There are books and books. 有各種各樣的書 (即書有好壞之分)。
4. 在口語中用在 come, go, run, stay, stop, try 等之后表示目的 (and 在此相當于不定式符號 to)。如:Come and have a drink. 來喝一杯。來喝一杯。Try and finish the work in a week. 設法在一周之內完成這項工作。We ought to stop and think. 我們應該停下來想一想。以上動詞除 try 不能有形式變化之外,其它動詞都可有多種形式。如:正:He came and had a drink with me. 他來跟我喝了一杯。誤:He tried and finished the work in a week. 在 come, go 之后的and有時可以省略 (尤其在美國英語中)。如:
I’llcome (and) see you later. 我晚些時候再來看你。
5. 用在祈使句后,表示結果,意為“那么” (暗示一種條件)。如:Workhard and you’ll succeed. (=If you work hard, you’ll succeed. )努力干吧,你會成功的。
6. 用在“很”,“挺”。如:good andfast 很快 nice and warm 挺暖和
7. 在主從復合句中,不要在主句前誤加 and。如:要是他這樣說,那他就是個騙子。正:If he said so, he is a liar. 誤:If he said so, and he is a liar. If he said
8. 用 and 連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時,其謂語動詞一般要用復數,但若是被連接的兩個名詞指的是同一個人或同一件東西,則謂語仍要用單數。如:A cart and horse was seen coming to us. 看見一輛馬車向我們這邊過來。The teacher and poet lives in the country. 這位老師詩人住在鄉(xiāng)下。連接兩個加數相加時,謂語用單、復數均可。如:
Five and five is[are] ten. 五加五得十。
9. 某些用 and連接的兩個詞,與漢語順序相反,不要按漢語詞序顛倒過來。如:rich and poor 貧富 land and water 水陸 right andleft 左右 north and south 南北 food and drink 飲食 foodand clothing 衣食
10. 在否定詞之后通常用 or 代之,比較。如:(1) He spoke loudly and clearly. 他說話聲音宏亮且清晰。(2) He didn’t speak loudly or clearly. 他說話聲音不大且不清晰。若要連接兩個同為否定形式的短語或句子,則仍用 and。如:He hasno brothers and no sisters (= He has no brothers or sisters). 他沒有兄弟姐妹。He hasno brother He can’t write and I can’t read. 他不會寫,而我不會讀。
11. 在下列各類有關主從復合句以及非謂語動詞的測試題中,注意有無 and 的差別。如:
(1) ①It __C__ fine, we went out for a walk.
②It __A__ fine, and we went out for a walk.???????
?A. was???????????????????? B. is??????????????????????? C. being????????????????? D. were
(2) ①There I saw five people, the teacher __A__.???
②There I saw five people, and the teacher __B__.???????
A. included??????????????? B. was included??????? C. including???????????? D. was including
(3) ①He bought a lot of books, most of __D__ are about agriculture.??? ②He bought a lot of books, and most of __A__ are about agriculture.
A. them???????????????????? B. books????????????????? C. his???????????????????? D. which