單項填空做題技巧——還原法 高考一些單項選擇題的測試點(diǎn)本來十分簡單，但命題者有意把題干復(fù)雜，改寫為一個少見或陌生的結(jié)構(gòu)。對于這類題，我們可以反其道而行之，把題干還原為自己熟悉的結(jié)構(gòu)，這樣題目就會變得簡單，答案就會一目了然，具體來說，可采用以下幾種方法：

一、將倒裝句改成陳述句由于倒裝句的使用，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變得陌生，對于這類題，可將題干還原成一個陳述句。。如：
Who did the teacher _______ an article for the school newspaper?
A. has write???????? B. has written??????? C. have write??????? D. have written
【分析】把本題題干改成陳述句，則應(yīng)是： The teacher had who write an article for the school newspaper. 這樣我們一眼就可以看出答案為C。測試的知識點(diǎn)是使役動詞have的賓語補(bǔ)足語用省去to 的賓語補(bǔ)足語用省去的動詞不定式，表示將要發(fā)生的動作。


二、將陳述句改為倒裝句我們首次接觸時是一個倒裝句，而命題者恰恰是有意地使用陳述句來命題。如：：
We had _______ left home than it began to rain
A. no sooner????????? B. hardly???????????? C. almost????????????? D. nearly
【分析】no sooner...than是一個大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知識點(diǎn)時，命題者卻使用了一個陳述句。如果把題干改成：_______ had we left home than it began to rain，這道題的答案A也就變得十分清楚了。

?三、將從句或插入語去掉命題者有意地在一個句子中間插入一個從句或插入語，造成主謂隔離。如果將題干中的從句或插入語去掉，題干就會變得很簡單。如：
The person we spoke to ___no answer at first.
A. make? B .making? C. makes?? D. made
分析；可以看出we spoke to是一個定語從句。將其去掉后，我們就會發(fā)現(xiàn)這個句子少了一個謂語動詞。故本題選用D。

四、將被動句改為主動句由于被動句的使用，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)相對于主動句來說就沒有那么清楚。我們?nèi)绻麑⑵涓臑橹鲃泳洌@類題就會變得清楚的多。如：
Time should be made good use of ________our lessons well.
A. learning???????????? B. learned??????????????? C. to learn?????????????? D. learns
【分析】將題干改寫為主動句則：We should make good use of time _______our lesson well?？梢园l(fā)現(xiàn)介詞of有其相應(yīng)的賓語，其后不能再用動名詞做賓語，應(yīng)選不定式做目的狀語。答案是C。

?五、將省略句改為完整的句子省略句使考生不易看清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。對于這類試題，可恢復(fù)被省略的成分，使句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變得明朗，進(jìn)而選擇合適的答案。如：
—How long has China been open to the world? —_______1979.
A. After????????????????? B. In??????????????????????? C. Since????????????????? D. From
【分析】將答語部分改為一個完整的句子：China has been open to the world since 1979. 在所給的選項中只有since能和現(xiàn)在完成時連用。故答案為C。。?

六、將強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it be和that去掉還原成一個單句
It was in the small house _______ was built with stone by his father _______ he spent his childhood.
A. which , that?????????? B. that , which??????? , which??????? D. that ,where
【分析】可將題干還原成一個陳述句:He spent his childhood in the small house which was built with stone by his father. 故答案為A。

七、將疑問句還原為陳述句Is this book _______ you have been looking for all the time﹖
A. that???????????????????? B. one????????????????????? C. the one???????????????? D. it
【分析】首先把疑問句還原成陳述句，題干即為This book is _______ you have been looking for all the time.容易看出該題是一個缺少表語且含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。不難看出，定語從句you have been looking for all the time修飾的先行詞是主句的表語，而選項中只有the one符合要求。故答案為C。

八、將固定短語還原
That was _______we had in Beijing 13 years ago!
A. wonderful time? B. a wonderful time???? C. wonderful????????????? D. wonderfully
【分析】在某些復(fù)合句中，被修飾的先行詞與定語從句中的動詞可構(gòu)成固定短語。此句可還原為：We had a wonderful timeii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi- in Beijing 13 years ago.可看出該復(fù)合句中有一固定搭配had a wonderful time(玩得愉快)，定語從句中省略了關(guān)系代詞that，故答案為B。

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