萬物簡史:PART III CH 9威力巨大的原子（17）
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2012-02-15 07:00
不知疲倦的盧瑟福這時候已經返回劍橋大學，接替J.J.湯姆遜擔任卡文迪許實驗室主任。他設計出了一種模型，說明原子核不會爆炸的原因。他認為，質子的正電荷一定已被某種起中和作用的粒子抵消，他把這種粒子叫做中子。正如布爾斯及其同事在他們的物理學史中指出的，較晚發(fā)現中子或許是一件很好的事，因為發(fā)展原子彈必須掌握中子。~~~
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文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎哦~~~
Hint:
Boorse
Meanwhile the tireless Rutherford, now [-1-] at Cambridge as J. J. Thomson's [-2-] as head of the Cavendish Laboratory, came up with a model that explained why the nuclei didn't blow up. He saw that they must be offset by some type of neutralizing particles, which he called neutrons. The idea was simple and [-3-] , but not easy to prove. Rutherford's associate, James Chadwick, devoted 11 intensive years to hunting for neutrons before finally succeeding in 1932. He, too, was awarded with a Nobel Prize in physics, in 1935. [---4---] (Because neutrons have no charge, they aren't repelled by the electrical fields at the heart of an atom and thus could be fired like tiny torpedoes into an atomic nucleus, setting off the destructive process known as fission.) Had the neutron been [-5-] in the 1920s, they note, it is "[---6---]"
?《萬物簡史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/
文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎哦~~~
Hint:
Boorse
Meanwhile the tireless Rutherford, now [-1-] at Cambridge as J. J. Thomson's [-2-] as head of the Cavendish Laboratory, came up with a model that explained why the nuclei didn't blow up. He saw that they must be offset by some type of neutralizing particles, which he called neutrons. The idea was simple and [-3-] , but not easy to prove. Rutherford's associate, James Chadwick, devoted 11 intensive years to hunting for neutrons before finally succeeding in 1932. He, too, was awarded with a Nobel Prize in physics, in 1935. [---4---] (Because neutrons have no charge, they aren't repelled by the electrical fields at the heart of an atom and thus could be fired like tiny torpedoes into an atomic nucleus, setting off the destructive process known as fission.) Had the neutron been [-5-] in the 1920s, they note, it is "[---6---]"
back
successor
appealing
As Boorse and his colleagues point out in their history of the subject, the delay in discovery was probably a very good thing as mastery of the neutron was essential to the development of the atomic bomb.
isolated
very likely the atomic bomb would have been developed first in Europe, undoubtedly by the Germans.
與此同時，不知疲倦的盧瑟福這時候已經返回劍橋大學，接替J.J.湯姆遜擔任卡文迪許實驗室主任。他設計出了一種模型，說明原子核不會爆炸的原因。他認為，質子的正電荷一定已被某種起中和作用的粒子抵消，他把這種粒子叫做中子。這個想法簡單而動人，但不容易證明。盧瑟福的同事詹姆斯?查德威克忙碌了整整11個年頭尋找中子，終于在1932年獲得成功。1935年，他也獲得了諾貝爾物理學獎。正如布爾斯及其同事在他們的物理學史中指出的，較晚發(fā)現中子或許是一件很好的事，因為發(fā)展原子彈必須掌握中子。（由于中子不帶電荷，它們不會被原子中心的電場排斥，因此可以像小魚雷那樣被射進原子核，啟動名叫裂變的破壞過程。）他們認為，要是在20世紀20年代就能分離中子，"原子彈很可能先在歐洲研制出來，毫無疑問是被德國人"。
