萬物簡史:PART III CH 9威力巨大的原子（7）
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2012-01-30 07:00
原子學說存在爭議，尤其是德語國家。科學家波爾茲曼是該學說的狂熱擁護者，據(jù)說爭議是他自殺的原因之一。證明學說正身的本有可能是愛因斯坦，但是他卻投身于廣義相對論的研究。而真正研究此學說的英雄科學家是歐內(nèi)斯特?盧瑟福~~~~
?《萬物簡史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/
文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎哦~~~
Hints:
German-speaking
Einstein
For a century after Dalton made his proposal, it remained entirely hypothetical, and a few eminent scientists—notably the Viennese physicist Ernst Mach, [-1-]—doubted the existence of atoms at all. "Atoms cannot be [-2-] by the senses . . . they are things of thought," he wrote. [---3---] that it was said to have played a part in the [-4-] of the great theoretical physicist, and atomic enthusiast, Ludwig Boltzmann in 1906.
It was Einstein who provided the first incontrovertible evidence of atoms' existence with his paper on Brownian motion in 1905, [---5---] So the first real hero of the atomic age, if not the first personage on the scene, was Ernest Rutherford.
Rutherford was born in 1871 in the "back blocks" of New Zealand to parents who had [-6-] from Scotland to raise a little flax and a lot of children (to paraphrase Steven Weinberg). [---7---] but in 1895 he won a scholarship that took him to the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University, [---8---]
?《萬物簡史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/
文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎哦~~~
Hints:
German-speaking
Einstein
For a century after Dalton made his proposal, it remained entirely hypothetical, and a few eminent scientists—notably the Viennese physicist Ernst Mach, [-1-]—doubted the existence of atoms at all. "Atoms cannot be [-2-] by the senses . . . they are things of thought," he wrote. [---3---] that it was said to have played a part in the [-4-] of the great theoretical physicist, and atomic enthusiast, Ludwig Boltzmann in 1906.
It was Einstein who provided the first incontrovertible evidence of atoms' existence with his paper on Brownian motion in 1905, [---5---] So the first real hero of the atomic age, if not the first personage on the scene, was Ernest Rutherford.
Rutherford was born in 1871 in the "back blocks" of New Zealand to parents who had [-6-] from Scotland to raise a little flax and a lot of children (to paraphrase Steven Weinberg). [---7---] but in 1895 he won a scholarship that took him to the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University, [---8---]
for whom is named the speed of sound
perceived
The existence of atoms was so doubtfully held in the German-speaking world in particular
suicide
but this attracted little attention and in any case Einstein was soon to become consumed with his work on general relativity.
emigrated
Growing up in a remote part of a remote country, he was about as far from the mainstream of science as it was possible to be,
which was about to become the hottest place in the world to do physics.
在道爾頓提出他的見解以后的一個世紀時間里，它仍然完全是一種假說。一些杰出的科學家--尤其是奧地利物理學家恩斯特?馬赫，聲速單位就是以他的名字命名的--還壓根兒懷疑原子是不是存在。"原子看不見摸不著......它們是腦子想像出來的東西。"他寫道。尤其在德語世界，人們就是以這種懷疑目光來看待原子的存在。據(jù)說，這也是導致偉大的理論物理學家和原子的熱心支持者路德維希?玻爾茨曼自殺的原因之一。
是愛因斯坦在1905年以那篇論布朗運動的論文首次提出了無可爭議的證據(jù)，證明原子的存在，但沒有引起多大注意。無論如何，愛因斯坦很快就忙于廣義相對論的研究。因此，原子時代的第一位真正的英雄是歐內(nèi)斯特?盧瑟福，如果他不是當時涌現(xiàn)出來的第一人的話。
盧瑟福1871年生于新西蘭的"內(nèi)陸地區(qū)"。用斯蒂芬?溫伯格的話來說，他的父母為了種植一點亞麻、撫養(yǎng)一大堆孩子，從蘇格蘭移居到新西蘭。他在一個遙遠國度的遙遠地區(qū)長大，離科學的主流也同樣很遙遠。但是，1895年，他獲得了一項獎學金，從而有機會來到劍橋大學的卡文迪許實驗室。這里快要成為世界上搞物理學的最熱門的地方。
