English clauses always have a subject:?英語句子總是只有一個主語

His father has just retired. Was a teacher. > He was a teacher.

I’m waiting for my wife. Is late. > She is late.

Look at the time! Is half past two.> It’s half past two.

except for the imperative?除了祈使句

Go away.

Play it again please.

If we have no other subject we use there or it.?如果沒有別的主語，我們可以用there或者it。

there

（1）? to introduce a new topic:?介紹一個新話題

There is a meeting this evening. It will start at seven.

There has been an accident. I hope no one is hurt.

（2）? with numbers or quantities:?關(guān)于數(shù)字或數(shù)量

There was a lot of rain last night.

There must have been more than five hundred in the audience.

（3）? to say where something is:?介紹某物在哪里

There used to be a playground at the end of the street.

There are fairies at the bottom of the garden.

I wonder if there will be anyone at home.

It

We use it to talk about:?我們用it去談?wù)?/span>

（1）? times and dates:?時間和日期

It’s nearly one o’clock.

It’s my birthday.

（2）? weather:?天氣

It’s raining.

It’s a lovely day.

It was getting cold.

（3）? to give an opinion about a place:?說一個關(guān)于某地的意見

It’s very cold in here.

It will be nice when we get home.

It’s very comfortable in my new apartment.

Using "it" to talk about people?用it談?wù)撊藗?/span>

（1）? on the telephone:?講電話時

Hello. It’s George.

（2）? when people cannot see us:?當(dāng)人們看不到我們時

[Mary knocks on door] It’s me. It’s Mary.

We use it to talk about other people:

（1）? when we point them out for the first time:?當(dāng)我們第一次指出別人時

Look. It’s Sir Paul McCartney.

Who’s that? I think it’s John’s brother.

（2）? when we cannot see them and we ask them for their name:?當(dāng)我們第一次問別人名字時

[telephone rings, we pick it up] Hello. Who is it?

[someone knocks on door. We say:] Who is it??