【TED】是一個(gè)會(huì)議的名稱(chēng),它是英文technology,entertainment, design三個(gè)單詞的首字母縮寫(xiě)。它是社會(huì)各界精英交流的盛會(huì),這里有當(dāng)代最杰出的思想家,這里有當(dāng)代最優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家,這里有迸發(fā)著最閃耀的思想火花,這里孕育著最光輝的夢(mèng)想。

理查德·威爾金森認(rèn)為收入差距巨大的社會(huì)通常是有問(wèn)題的。理查德·威爾金森用硬數(shù)據(jù)制作了一系列關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡的圖表,并列舉了當(dāng)貧富差距過(guò)大時(shí),我們社會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,包括:健康、壽命、甚至基本價(jià)值觀.

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Hints:
mortality
alcohol
unequal
correlation
Now I'm going to show you what that does to our societies. We collected data on problems with social gradients, the kind of problems that are more common at the bottom of the social ladder. Internationally comparable data on life expectancy, on kids' maths and literacy scores, on infant mortality rates, homicide rates, proportion of the population in prison, teenage birthrates, levels of trust, obesity, mental illness which in standard diagnostic classification includes drug and alcohol addiction and social mobility. We put them all in one index. They're all weighted equally. Where a country is is a sort of average score on these things. And there, you see it in relation to the measure of inequality I've just shown you, which I shall use over and over again in the data. The more unequal countries are doing worse on all these kinds of social problems. It's an extraordinarily close correlation. But if you look at that same index of health and social problems in relation to GNP per capita, gross national income, there's nothing there, no correlation anymore.
接下來(lái)我將會(huì)展示這對(duì)我們社會(huì)有什么影響。 我們針對(duì)社會(huì)內(nèi)部差異產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題收集了數(shù)據(jù), 這類(lèi)問(wèn)題在社會(huì)最底層 更加的普遍。 國(guó)際上可供比較的數(shù)據(jù)包括平均壽命、 兒童的數(shù)學(xué)和語(yǔ)文成績(jī)、 嬰兒死亡率、自殺率、 監(jiān)獄人口比例、少女早孕率、 互信程度、 肥胖、心理疾病—— 這些病都符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的診斷分類(lèi) 包括毒癮和酒癮—— 以及社會(huì)流動(dòng)率。 我們把所有這些都?xì)w到一個(gè)系數(shù)里。 他們都被平均加權(quán)。 一個(gè)國(guó)家的分?jǐn)?shù)就是這些因子平均得到的。 你可以看到,這些分?jǐn)?shù)是 與剛才我展示過(guò)的不平等比較相關(guān)的, 我將反復(fù)展示這些數(shù)據(jù)。 越是不平等的國(guó)家 在各種社會(huì)問(wèn)題上 表現(xiàn)得就越差。 關(guān)聯(lián)性非常強(qiáng)。 但是如果你看同樣的 健康和社會(huì)問(wèn)題 與人均國(guó)民收入以及 國(guó)民總收入的指數(shù)的比較, 那你就什么也不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn), 再?zèng)]有相關(guān)性了。