邁克爾遜和莫雷所做的--實際上是在無意之中所做的--破壞了長期以來人們對一種所謂光以太的東西的信念。以太是笛卡兒假設(shè)的，牛頓加以接受，之后差不多人人都對它懷有崇敬之情。多年來以太存在科學(xué)界一直爭論不休~~~

?《萬物簡史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/

書本的朗讀語音很charming的磁性英音~~~大家可以好好學(xué)著模仿哦~~~??！
因為原著為美國人所寫,單詞采用美式拼法,不抄全文，也不用寫序號。答完一空換行繼續(xù)下一空作答。文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，根據(jù)下面的TIPS訓(xùn)練聽寫。這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~

TIPS聽寫訓(xùn)練點：單詞拼寫，時態(tài)，單復(fù)數(shù)，連讀，長難句（請邊聽邊用符號先記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語句，最后校對，不要逐字逐句聽寫）



Hints:
Descartes
venerate
centrality
speculative


What Michelson and Morley did, without actually [-1-] to, was undermine [-2-] in something called the luminiferous ether, a stable, invisible, weightless, [-3-], and unfortunately [-4-] imaginary medium that was thought to permeate the universe. [---5---] It was especially needed in the 1800s because light and electromagnetism were now seen as waves, which is to say types of vibrations. Vibrations must occur in something; hence the need for, and lasting devotion to, an ether. As late as 1909, the great British physicist J. J. Thomson was insisting: “[---6---]”—this more than four years after it was pretty incontestably established that it didn't exist. [---7---]

intending a longstanding belief frictionless wholly Conceived by Descartes, embraced by Newton, and venerated by nearly everyone ever since, the ether held a position of absolute centrality in 19th century physics as a way of explaining how light traveled across the emptiness of space. The ether is not a fantastic creation of the speculative philosopher, it is as essential to us as the air we breathe People, in short, were really attached to the ether.
邁克爾遜和莫雷所做的--實際上是在無意之中所做的--破壞了長期以來人們對一種所謂光以太的東西的信念。那是一種穩(wěn)定、看不見、沒有重量、沒有摩擦力、不幸又完全是想像出來的媒質(zhì)。據(jù)認為，這種媒質(zhì)充滿宇宙。以太是笛卡兒假設(shè)的，牛頓加以接受，之后差不多人人都對它懷有崇敬之情，在19世紀物理學(xué)中占有絕對的中心地位，用來解釋為什么光能夠在空蕩蕩的太空里傳播。它在19世紀初尤其必不可少，因為光和電磁在這時候被看成是波，也就是說某種振動。振動必須在什么東西里面才能發(fā)生，因此，就需要一種以太，并長期認為存在一種以太。直到1909年，偉大的英國物理學(xué)家J.J.湯姆森仍堅持說："以太不是哪位愛好思索的哲學(xué)家的憑空想像，它對我們來說就像我們呼吸的空氣那樣不可缺少。"--他說這番話4年多以后，就無可爭議地確定以太并不存在?？偠灾藗兇_實離不開以太。