With的復合結構
2007-01-01 00:00
10.2 With的復合結構作獨立主格 | ||
? | 表伴隨時,既可用分詞的獨立結構,也可用with的復合結構。 with +名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語 舉例: He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raise. 典型例題 The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。 A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 答案D. with +名詞(代詞)+分詞+介詞短語結構。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時,其主語常常用with來引導。由于本句中名詞"手"與分詞"綁"是被動關系,因此用過去分詞,選D. 注意: 1) 獨立主格結構使用介詞的問題: 當介詞是in時,其前后的兩個名詞均不加任何成分(如物主代詞或冠詞),也不用復數(shù)。但 with 的復合結構不受此限制 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. ( hand前不能加his)?! ? 2) 當表人體部位的詞做邏輯主語時,及物動詞用現(xiàn)在分 詞,不及物動詞用過去分詞。 He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up. 典型例題: Weather___, we'll go out for a walk. A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 答案B. 本題中沒有連詞,它不是復合句,也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗號,且we 小寫,可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復合結構。據(jù)此判斷,本句中使用的是獨立結構, 其結構為:名詞+分詞。 由于permit在這里翻譯為'天氣允許',表主動,應用現(xiàn)在分詞,故選B。 如果不會判斷獨立結構作狀語的形式,不妨將句子改為條件句,例如本句改為If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后將if 去掉,再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。 |