【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷五02
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?本書簡介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學和拉丁文學、修辭、哲學、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷五02
5.3?One man, when he has done a service to another, is ready to set it down to his account as a favour conferred. Another is not ready to do this, but still in his own mind he thinks of the man as his debtor, and he knows what he has done. A third in a manner does not even know what he has done, but he is like a vine which has produced grapes, and seeks for nothing more after it has once produced its proper fruit. As a horse when he has run, a dog when he has tracked the game, a bee when it has made the honey, so a man when he has done a good act, does not call out for others to come and see, but he goes on to another act, as a vine goes on to produce again the grapes in season.- Must a man then be one of these, who in a manner act thus without observing it?- Yes.- But this very thing is necessary, the observation of what a man is doing: for, it may be said, it is characteristic of the social animal to perceive that he is working in a social manner, and indeed to wish that his social partner also should perceive it.- It is true what thou sayest, but thou dost not rightly understand what is now said: and for this reason thou wilt become one of those of whom I spoke before, for even they are misled by a certain show of reason. But if thou wilt choose to understand the meaning of what is said, do not fear that for this reason thou wilt omit any social act.
5.4?Be not disgusted, nor discouraged, nor dissatisfied, if thou dost not succeed in doing everything according to right principles; but when thou bast failed, return back again, and be content if the greater part of what thou doest is consistent with man's nature, and love this to which thou returnest; and do not return to philosophy as if she were a master, but act like those who have sore eyes and apply a bit of sponge and egg, or as another applies a plaster, or drenching with water. For thus thou wilt not fail to obey reason, and thou wilt repose in it. And remember that philosophy requires only the things which thy nature requires; but thou wouldst have something else which is not according to nature.- It may be objected, Why what is more agreeable than this which I am doing?- But is not this the very reason why pleasure deceives us? And consider if magnanimity, freedom, simplicity, equanimity, piety, are not more agreeable. For what is more agreeable than wisdom itself, when thou thinkest of the security and the happy course of all things which depend on the faculty of understanding and knowledge?
?Notes：
drench [v][often passive] ~sb/sth?(in/with)?to make sb/sth completely wet?
? ? ? ? ? ?e.g.:We were caught in the storm and got drenched to the skin.
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?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
5.3?有一個人，當他為另一個人做了一件好事，就準備把它作為一種施惠記到他的賬上，還有一個人不準備這樣做，但還是在心里把這個人看做是他的受惠者，而且他記著他做了的事情。第三個人在某種程度上甚至不知道他所做的，他就像一株生產(chǎn)葡萄的葡萄藤一樣，在它一旦結(jié)出它應(yīng)有的果實以后就不尋求更多的東西。一匹馬在它奔跑時，一只狗在它追獵過，一只蜜蜂在它釀造蜜以后也是這樣，所以一個人在他做了一件好事之后，也不應(yīng)要求別人來看，而是繼續(xù)做另一件好事，正像一株葡萄藤在下一個季節(jié)繼續(xù)結(jié)果一樣。－那么一個人必須以某種方式如此行動且不注意它嗎？－是的。－但這也是必要的，即觀察一個人正在做的事情。因為，可以說，察知他正以一種有益社會的方式工作，并的確希望他的社會同伴也察知它是社會動物特征。－你說得對，但你并沒有理解現(xiàn)在所說的：因此你將成為我前面說過的那些人中的一個，因為甚至他們也因理性的某種展示而誤入歧途。但如果你愿意理解現(xiàn)在所說的話的意義，就不要害怕你將因此忽略任何有益社會的行為。
5.4?如果你根據(jù)正確的原則沒有做成一切事時，不要厭惡，不要沮喪，也不要不滿；而是在你失敗時又再回去從頭做起，只要你所做的較大部分事情符合于人的本性，就滿足了，熱愛你所回到的家園，但不要回到哲學仿佛她是一個主人，而是行動得仿佛那些眼疼的人用一點海綿和蛋清，或者像另一個人用一塊膏藥，或用水浸洗一樣。因為這樣你將不在遵守理性方面失敗，你將在它那里得到安寧。記住，哲學僅要求你的本性所要求的事情，而你卻有那不符合本性的別的什么東西。－你可能反對說，為什么那件事比你正做的這件事更使人愉悅呢？－但這不正是因為快樂在欺騙我們嗎？再考慮是否慷慨、自由、樸素、鎮(zhèn)靜、虔誠不更令人愉悅。當你想到那依賴于理解和認識能力的一切事物的有保障和幸福的過程，有什么比智慧本身更令人愉悅呢？
