Q11-Q15

原文

W: Hi, Frank! I just saw a program on TV that said that juvenile crime was increasing. And I want to ask your opinion about how to stop... well... how to prevent juvenile crime, because I know that you work with a lot of young people.

M: Well, first... I think the media exacerbated the problem, and so does the school system. Where I live, we have thousands of security guards in the schools, and metal detectors, too. And the kids get searched as they go into school. Now all of that presents the wrong message. The kids don't feel like they're going to school. They feel like they're going to jail. And so they are more likely to lash out and become violent. I think it's a cause-and-effect relationship. The students get violent because the system makes them like that.

W: So you're saying that the messages kids get from the media, and even from school, are responsible for making them do bad things?

M: Yes, I am. I think that every young person is essentially good. I mean you see violent students, students who are violent in class, but put them on a one-to-one basis, and they are usually very friendly. It's not that they're really bad. It's that they're product of their environment. If you give them a more caring environment, you really can change the kind of actions they take.

W: Well, what about all the social support systems?

M: You see the problem is that social support systems have really fallen apart. Take for example, Big Brother Big Sister Programs or After School Programs. I don't mean just letting them stay in school until 6 o'clock, doing whatever they want. They should be doing healthy, supervised activities, a structured program of activities, instructional programs, or it could be athletics. A lot of our schools used to have football team, or basketball team, or baseball teams, but the funding for programs like those has been cut. They've been eliminated. So that leaves the child with a lot of energy and nothing to do with it.

W: What do the Big Brother Big Sister programs do?

M: Well, they have people a little older, say in their 20s, who are willing to spend time on an individual basis with the students in the middle school or in high school. See, the problem is that a lot of kids don't get the one-on-one attention they need. But kids need to see that somebody really cares about them.

W: But what about kids who really do commit crimes? Stealing, pick pocketing or drug abuse, or something worse. I mean you do get cases where kids become involved in really serious crimes. I mean what should be done with kids like that?

M: Well, let me say that preventing crime is definitely better than punishing it. It's better to have good role models and stop crime before it starts. But we also need harsher punishments. You see some countries where drug crimes carry a maximum sentence of 20 years or life imprisonment, and the crime numbers go down very fast. Having stronger punishment does reduce crime. But you have to be sure that the punishments are fair. We're talking about juvenile crime. But white collar crime needs to be punished, too.

權(quán)威講評：

采訪性對話的前兩個回合揭示主題，重中之重。這篇對話的主題集中在如何阻止少年犯罪現(xiàn)象， juvenile crime, 近來的美國校園槍擊事件屢屢不斷，再次反映了中高級口譯考試出題的時事性原則。因此關(guān)注時事，并參與思考是很好的習(xí)慣。采訪中，男士就當(dāng)前少年犯罪現(xiàn)象的原因進(jìn)行分析，指出媒體的夸大，校園及周圍環(huán)境的過分緊張反而使得學(xué)生去做壞事 , 聽時應(yīng)注意文中 a violent environment 和 a caring environment 的對比。青少年的活動應(yīng)當(dāng)健康并加以引導(dǎo)（ healthy and superviced activities, structured and instructional program or atheletic activities ），他們需要的是真正的關(guān)心，但 Big Brother Big Sister 能提供學(xué)生需要的 one on one 式交流的組織，卻因的經(jīng)費太少無法進(jìn)行下去（ fall apart ， be eliminated ）使青少年的活動失去方向。對于參加吸毒 drug abuse ，偷盜，等犯罪行為的少年，重要的在于防患于未然， preventing crime is better than punishing it ，但文中反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào) punishment 一詞，指出懲戒也是必要的， harsher punishment, stronger punishment 震懾作用的存在，使得犯罪數(shù)量的確驟減。

　　　　


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