參考答案http://tr.hjenglish.com

SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST
Part A: Spot Dictation

1.?is jeopardizing
2.?consumer protection organizations
3.?welcomed development
4.?protect the interests of
5.?become over-dependent on professional workers
6.?your self-esteem and relationships
7.?the art of persistence
8.?not-so-pleasant messages
9.?“Don’t make a scene”
10.?assertiveness training
11.?When a record is scratched
12.?jump to turn it off
13.?in an assertive and relaxed manner
14.?agrees to negotiate with you
15.?in danger of being abused
16.?articulate but irrelevant arguments
17.?have nothing more to worry about
18.?abusive or manipulative
19.?a self-protective skill
20.?your time and energy is precious

Part B: Listening Comprehensionhttp://tr.hjenglish.com

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. C http://tr.hjenglish.com
10. D
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. Chttp://tr.hjenglish.com
15. D
16. A
17. C
18. B
19. D
20.A

SECTION 2: READING TEST
?
1. Bhttp://tr.hjenglish.com
2. B
3. C
4. C
5.A
6. C
7. D
8. A
9. D
10. A
11. A
12. D
13. B
14. B
15. C
16. C
17. B
18. D
19. Dhttp://tr.hjenglish.com
20. D

SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TESThttp://tr.hjenglish.com

【參考譯文】
彼得?德魯克在世時(shí)就已成為傳奇人物。他以95歲高齡辭世，一生著作頗豐，涉略廣泛，在宗教、哲學(xué)以及政治學(xué)等領(lǐng)域都堪為人師。然而他最重要的成就無(wú)疑還是在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域。德魯克對(duì)管理學(xué)貢獻(xiàn)巨大，其價(jià)值正如約翰.凱恩斯之于經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。 http://tr.hjenglish.com
二十世紀(jì)八十年代起，他開(kāi)始對(duì)企業(yè)乃至資本主義制度本身產(chǎn)生了深深的懷疑。他不再認(rèn)為公司是創(chuàng)造和諧氛圍的理想場(chǎng)所，事實(shí)上，他所目睹的與此恰恰相反，公司里人人各為其利，而這與他一直倡導(dǎo)的平等原則相違背。無(wú)論是在著作還是演講中，德魯克都旗幟鮮明，成為美國(guó)式企業(yè)制度最重要的批判者之一。適逢大財(cái)團(tuán)紛紛涌現(xiàn)，他不厭其煩，盡數(shù)此類(lèi)瘋狂兼并和收購(gòu)的弊端。當(dāng)企業(yè)經(jīng)理人們埋頭建造商業(yè)帝國(guó)時(shí)，他指出冗員過(guò)多和機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫會(huì)造成效率低下，危害不淺。http://tr.hjenglish.com
1984 年，他在一篇文章中有力地說(shuō)明企業(yè)首席行政官的薪酬之高已近失控，并強(qiáng)烈建議各公司的董事會(huì)將其首席執(zhí)行官的報(bào)酬控制在普通員工的二十倍以?xún)?nèi)。他認(rèn)為，企業(yè)高管動(dòng)輒數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的離職補(bǔ)償金，使他們本末倒置，只管個(gè)人利益。最使他氣憤的是公司經(jīng)理人一方面自己收入豐厚，另一方面卻在大批裁員。德魯克寫(xiě)道，“無(wú)論是在道德層面，還是對(duì)于社會(huì)而言，這都是無(wú)法原諒的，我們會(huì)為此付出沉重的代價(jià)?！?

SECTION 4: LISTENING TESThttp://tr.hjenglish.com

Part A: Note-taking And Gap-filling
1. charitable
2. economy
3. income/wealth
4. incentives/motivations
5. tops/leads
6. defining
7. consumerismhttp://tr.hjenglish.com
8. intertwined/ interwoven
9. services
10. rivals/ competitors
11. peripheral
12. transcend
13. receiving
14. ties/ cohesion
15. successful
16. liberals
17. lifestyleshttp://tr.hjenglish.com
18. progress
19. satisfactions/ joy
ry?

Part B: Listening and Translation
I. Sentence Translation
Sentence 1.
Housing is currently in a steep slump following an extended five-year boom powered by the lowest mortgage rates in a generation. Sales of both new and existing homes, which set records for five straight years, have been falling.http://tr.hjenglish.com
Sentence 2.
Most of us tend to believe that competition is good, and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production, greater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers.
Sentence 3.
Illegal immigrants put pressure on public schools and hospitals, strain state and local budgets, and bring crime to our communities. Yet the vast majority are decent people who work hard and lead responsible lives.
Sentence 4.
More people are displaced by natural disasters than by wars. The death toll from this once-in-a-century earthquake has reached 23,000 , and it has left 2.5 million people without shelter.
Sentence 5.
Share prices received a shock yesterday when the government increased interest rates to five per cent. As a result, the Dow-Jones dropped by three hundred and forty points closing at twelve thousand one hundred, its lowest level for ten weeks.

( 參考答案)
1.?在經(jīng)歷了長(zhǎng)達(dá)5年的由超低房貸利率引發(fā)的迅猛發(fā)展后,房地產(chǎn)業(yè)急劇下挫。連續(xù)五年創(chuàng)新高的新建和已有住宅銷(xiāo)量持續(xù)下降。http://tr.hjenglish.com
2.?我們大多數(shù)人相信競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是有益的,公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)通常會(huì)使生產(chǎn)效率更高,提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量力度更大,以及產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售價(jià)格更低。
3.?非法移民給公立學(xué)校和醫(yī)院帶來(lái)壓力,造成州政府和地方政府預(yù)算緊張,且導(dǎo)致社區(qū)犯罪率上升。但是大部分非法移民都是工作努力、有責(zé)任感的好人。
4.?更多的人因自然災(zāi)害而不是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)流離失所。這次百年一遇的地震造成2萬(wàn)3千人死亡、250萬(wàn)人無(wú)家可歸。
5.?政府將利率增加到5%,使得股價(jià)昨日大受沖擊。道瓊斯指數(shù)下跌340點(diǎn),報(bào)收12,100點(diǎn),創(chuàng)下10周以來(lái)最低水平。

II. Passage Translationhttp://tr.hjenglish.com

Passage 1:
I experienced the community of people who worked hard but always with plenty of laughing and singing. These people were dirt-poor by western standards, with no running water or electricity or any other modern convenience. Yet, they display tremendous joy in their lives with their keen senses of humor and their liking for dancing and drumming till the early hours of morning. I learned a powerful lesson that will continue to impress me for decades to come. Happiness is not dependent on material wealth and it was this lesson that eventually led me to question the American dream, a dream of gaining as much money, power and status as humanly? possible.

我曾在這樣一群人中生活，他們工作辛苦，卻總是充滿(mǎn)了歡笑和歌聲。用西方社會(huì)的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量的話(huà)，這些人極為貧困，沒(méi)有自來(lái)水，居住地不通電，沒(méi)有任何的現(xiàn)代化生活設(shè)施。然而，他們富于幽默感，熱愛(ài)舞蹈擊鼓，生活充滿(mǎn)了樂(lè)趣，甚至狂歡至凌晨。我受到了深深的觸動(dòng)，這種感觸在以后的幾十年中會(huì)一直影響我。幸福并不基于物質(zhì)財(cái)富。這個(gè)啟發(fā)使我最終對(duì)“美國(guó)之夢(mèng)”產(chǎn)生了懷疑，因?yàn)椤懊绹?guó)之夢(mèng)”就是盡人的能力所及爭(zhēng)取更多的金錢(qián)、權(quán)力及更高的地位。http://tr.hjenglish.com

Passage 2:
The figures for burglaries have risen alarmingly over the last few years and are now quite appalling. Let me quote you a few statistics about break-ins. A house is burgled now about every three minutes, and over the past five years the number of burglaries reported to the police has risen by approximately 60,000 to well over 500,000 this year. The insurance companies report that last year alone household burglary losses rose by 38 per cent over the previous year to 219.7 million pounds, and I believe one or two companies are refusing to provide burglary cover in what we might call high-risk areas.http://tr.hjenglish.com

在過(guò)去幾年中，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字顯示入室盜竊案件大幅上升，現(xiàn)在情況已經(jīng)非常驚人。讓我告訴您一些相關(guān)數(shù)字：現(xiàn)在每三分鐘就會(huì)有一戶(hù)失竊。據(jù)報(bào)道，在過(guò)去的五年中，報(bào)警的入室盜竊案件數(shù)上升了6萬(wàn)，今年已超過(guò)50萬(wàn)。保險(xiǎn)公司說(shuō)，僅去年，入室盜竊所造成的損失就比前一年上升了38%，達(dá)到兩億一千九百七十萬(wàn)英鎊。據(jù)我所知，有一兩家公司拒絕在所謂高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)內(nèi)提供入室盜竊保險(xiǎn)。http://tr.hjenglish.com

SECTION 5: READING TEST

Question 1:
Americans’ attitude towards the population growth changed greatly/ in 1967. The nation was welcoming the birth of “the 200 millionth American” (the President’s “hailing” + Life magazine’s searching for that baby) /today the growth has not attracted much attention (“hasn’t generated much hoopla”) /no one cared much about “who became America’s 300 millionth citizen”

Question 2:
The growth of population partly due to the “influx” of Hispanics and Asians /in many parts of America, the challenges will come from the “new ethnic and racial residents”/ in political areas, the traditional “l(fā)iberal/conservative” opposition/confrontation will be replaced by “young/old” opposition (“divide” “dichotomy”)/ a much controversial issue with mixed impacts

Question 3:
On one hand, population growth is often linked to economic growth/ it can be considered as an “advantage” to a nation/ on the other, the impact of population growth in America much more complicated/ with possible negative results/ more land might be used for residential purposes/ more forest and prairie would be destroyed/ causing environmental problemshttp://tr.hjenglish.com

Question 4: http://tr.hjenglish.com
Pendulum List Searching/ a new intelligence DNA analytical tool/ when police encounter a mixture of DNA/ PLS generates a list of theoretical DNA profiles that could make up the mix/ led to conviction of Duncan Turner/ Scientists found a mixture of DNA from different people on a pair of sunglasses found at the crime scene/ use PLS/ 500 pairs theoretical DNA fingerprints were entered into the database/ one matched Turner.? http://tr.hjenglish.com
?
Question 5:
there’s really no hiding places for the criminals now/ advances in DNA science had already led to suspects being identified beyond the grave and would continue to become more powerful/ the advent of new ways to collect DNA from items at crime scenes, coupled with powerful analytical tools/ possible to obtain DNA profiles of suspects from undetected crimes or cold cases committed nearly 20 years ago. http://tr.hjenglish.com?

Question 6:
for police forces/ DNA database is an invaluable resource/ the best evidence that’ll ever be presented to the criminal justice system by some considerable way/ privacy groups/ fear the privatized database could potentially be misusedhttp://tr.hjenglish.com

Question 7:
Compared with the old test, the new test “favors” girls more /as predicted by the author /the addition of the writing section narrows (“to shrink”) the score gap between boys and girls/ reliability of the test affected/ “formulaic, colorless writing” given higher scores over original “sharp young voices”/ the grading of the test more subjectivehttp://tr.hjenglish.com

Question 8:
The author tells us that before the addition of the writing section/ the standard error of measurement of SAT is only about 30 points per section/ with the addition of the new writing section, the standard error of measurement reached 40 points / the reliability of the test is more or less damaged

Question 9:?http://tr.hjenglish.com
Contrary to what the author predicted/ the poorest children improved their SAT performance in the new test/ also the rising of scores of “noncitizen residents and refugees” / although there is the shift from a test of abstract-reasoning to a test of classroom material / the new test does not hurt disadvantaged children

Question 10:
He implies that the former testing items of analogies and “quantitative comparisons” depend more on testing “strategy” / with the abandoning of such items, the test becomes “much less about strategy”/ it collator the “disadvantaged students” /the teaching of testing strategy less useful

SECTION 6: TRANSLATION TESThttp://tr.hjenglish.com

【參考譯文】
The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a bearing on the overall situation of China’s modernization drive and its long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also bring benefit to their children and grand children. The Chinese government has established environmental protection as a basic national policy. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a series of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chinese government has made great efforts to solve those outstanding environmental problems that threaten people’s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law in environmental protection and brought into full play the initiative of various sectors of the society. Thanks to these efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river basins has achieved some initial success, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people’s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased further.http://tr.hjenglish.com

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