2011年12月四級(jí)考試閱讀真題被證實(shí)也是摘自衛(wèi)報(bào)的新聞，原文題目"Single-sex schools help boys to?enjoy arts, says study" 研究證明純男子學(xué)校更利于男學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)。原文發(fā)布時(shí)間為2010年1月，比較久遠(yuǎn)。

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Absence of girls removes pressure to conform to masculine stereotype, claims US researcher
美國(guó)研究者認(rèn)為，男女分校有利于幫男生消除男性形象的壓力

Rachel Williams The Guardian, Wednesday 20 January 2010

Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art, dance and music, according to research released today.
據(jù)今日發(fā)布的研究表示，男校是教育年輕男性表達(dá)情感最佳的地點(diǎn)，也更有可能讓他們進(jìn)行藝術(shù)、跳舞和音樂(lè)等活動(dòng)。

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim, the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure toconform to a stereotype, the US study says.
這項(xiàng)美國(guó)研究說(shuō)明，與傳統(tǒng)文化形象強(qiáng)調(diào)的凡事靠自己、進(jìn)取向上的男性特征不同，學(xué)校里沒(méi)有女生，給了男生在沒(méi)有典型形象壓力下自主發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。

Boys at single sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".
在男校里，男生們可以有更多的機(jī)會(huì)參與文化和藝術(shù)活動(dòng)，幫助他們發(fā)展情感表現(xiàn)力。他們不用強(qiáng)迫自己遵守“男生代碼”，隱藏內(nèi)心的感情表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)“真正的男人”。

The report, presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools, goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
該研究報(bào)告發(fā)表于在倫敦舉行的國(guó)際男校聯(lián)盟會(huì)議上，眾多私立學(xué)校和公立學(xué)校的主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與會(huì)。報(bào)告駁斥了認(rèn)為男生跟女生一起能學(xué)得更好的傳統(tǒng)常識(shí)。

The headmaster of Eton, Tony Little, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls, despite the fact that girls "turn on the waterworks".
伊頓公學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)Tony Little警告說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在的英國(guó)教育體系太過(guò)關(guān)注女生，可能會(huì)造成男生的教育失敗。他批評(píng)教師們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，雖然女生很容易哭泣，但男生其實(shí)比女生情感更豐富。

The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading, because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls. They also felt they had to be "cool" rather than studious.
研究認(rèn)為，在男女混合學(xué)校中，男生通常表現(xiàn)較差。因?yàn)榕淖竽X發(fā)展較快，所以女生在口語(yǔ)技能和閱讀能力方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)會(huì)較早突顯，相形見(jiàn)絀之下，男生會(huì)士氣低落，會(huì)覺(jué)得表現(xiàn)得酷酷地比學(xué)習(xí)用功更自在。

But in single sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, education expert Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.
該研究的作者是弗吉尼亞大學(xué)大學(xué)的教育專家Abigail James。他在文中寫(xiě)到，在男校中，教師會(huì)為男生們量身制作適合他們學(xué)習(xí)方式的課程，允許他們?cè)诮淌易杂苫顒?dòng)，組隊(duì)競(jìng)賽避免沉悶。

Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Boys in boys' schools "loved" topen verse because they enjoyed the "inherent structure in poems", James said. Because, the researchers say, boys generally have better spatial skills, more acute vision, learn best through touch, are more impulsive and more physically active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around, with this natural impulse not seen as disruptive. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes," James wrote.
Abigail James表示，教師可以采用特定的“以男生為中心”的教學(xué)方式，選一些會(huì)吸引男生的主題和人物，鼓勵(lì)他們享受閱讀和寫(xiě)作的樂(lè)趣。男校的男生會(huì)“熱愛(ài)”寫(xiě)詩(shī)，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g“詩(shī)歌的內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)”。James表示，這是因?yàn)槟猩ǔ？臻g技巧更強(qiáng)，視覺(jué)更敏銳，觸覺(jué)是他們最好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，他們比女生更沖動(dòng)也更好動(dòng)，所以需要為男生提供一些“實(shí)踐操作”的課程，可以允許他們?cè)诮淌依镒杂苫顒?dòng)，這樣才不至于破壞他們的本性。James在文中寫(xiě)到：“男女混校中的男生會(huì)覺(jué)得古典音樂(lè)很女人，所以會(huì)更喜歡主題為暴力和性別主義的現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)?！?/div>

Single sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mixed schools, boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means," the report said.
分校教育也可以讓男生不用遵守另外一種固定形象：那就是女生通常會(huì)從電影電視中總結(jié)出男生在男女關(guān)系中專橫和負(fù)責(zé)的形象。報(bào)告中表示：“現(xiàn)在的男女混校明顯存在性別化氛圍，男生還沒(méi)有對(duì)自己有足夠多的了解懂得男性特征的意義，就被迫要表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)男人一樣。”