科學60秒:失聰小貓眼力好
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2011-05-26 00:06
文章較難，大家聽寫填空即可~
Is it an ___1___ or can deaf people actually see better? Scientists have long thought that the structure of our brain is fixed. For instance, from birth the auditory cortex will receive only sound or the visual cortex will receive only visual input.
But in the last decade neuroscientists ___2___ this idea in favor of a more malleable brain.
New research published this week in the journal Nature Neuroscience supports that view. It helps explain why those who are congenitally deaf may have ___3___.
Since the auditory cortex sits there, at birth, waiting for auditory inputs that never come, it starts receiving visual stimuli instead—in cats anyway. And the neural real estate devoted to vision increases.
Researchers compared congenitally deaf cats to hearing cats, and found that deaf cats have ___4___ peripheral vision and motion detection.
They confirmed that the part of the auditory cortex that picks up peripheral sound ___5___ peripheral vision.
With the deaf it’s especially good to have increased peripheral vision. If you cannot hear a car approaching from the side, it'd be advantageous to actually see it.
Is it an ___1___ or can deaf people actually see better? Scientists have long thought that the structure of our brain is fixed. For instance, from birth the auditory cortex will receive only sound or the visual cortex will receive only visual input.
But in the last decade neuroscientists ___2___ this idea in favor of a more malleable brain.
New research published this week in the journal Nature Neuroscience supports that view. It helps explain why those who are congenitally deaf may have ___3___.
Since the auditory cortex sits there, at birth, waiting for auditory inputs that never come, it starts receiving visual stimuli instead—in cats anyway. And the neural real estate devoted to vision increases.
Researchers compared congenitally deaf cats to hearing cats, and found that deaf cats have ___4___ peripheral vision and motion detection.
They confirmed that the part of the auditory cortex that picks up peripheral sound ___5___ peripheral vision.
With the deaf it’s especially good to have increased peripheral vision. If you cannot hear a car approaching from the side, it'd be advantageous to actually see it.
old wives' tale
have overthrown
extraordinary sight
enhanced
switches to
失聰者比正常人視覺發(fā)達，是否無稽之談？一直以來，科學家都認為人類大腦的結構是一成不變的。比如說，人出生以后，大腦的聽覺皮層就只接收聲音信號，而視覺皮層只接收視覺信號。
但過去的十年里，神經(jīng)學家推翻了上述觀點，轉而支持大腦可塑性觀點。
《自然—神經(jīng)科學》這個星期刊登的一項新研究中就表明了其支持立場。該研究解釋了為何先天失聰者擁有超凡視覺。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，先天失聰?shù)呢埑錾院?，聽覺皮層始終接收不到聲音信號，因此聽覺皮層轉而開始接收視覺刺激，而固有的視覺神經(jīng)逐漸發(fā)達。
研究人員將先天失聰?shù)呢埡吐犛X正常的貓比較后發(fā)現(xiàn)，前者擁有周邊視覺和運動檢測功能。他們證實先天失聰?shù)呢埪犛X皮層中接收周邊聲音的部分，轉化成了周邊視覺。
因此，失聰?shù)娜烁讚碛邪l(fā)達的周邊視覺。假如你聽不到汽車駛近的聲音，不要急不要急~~你會先看到它的~
