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Always finding excuses to skip the gym? Congrats—you might be able to blame your genes. Because the mere desire to exercise may be inherited, at least in mice. So says a study in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
The experiment started back in 1993 with 224 mice, divided into eight groups. In four of the groups, the researchers ____1____ the males and females that logged the most distance on their exercise wheels. For the other four groups, they just randomly ___2_____ the mice.
Forty-three generations later, the mice ____3____ from long distance runners are voluntarily running seven miles a day—three times as far as their lazy ____4____. And they cover those miles in different ways—some are marathoners, while others, especially females, run faster for fewer hours.
The running mice do have physical advantages, like better endurance and less body fat. But it's not just fitness. Previous studies suggest something's changing in the mice's brains, too, turning them into ____5____. And since mice and humans have similar genes, our itch to hit the track might also depend on how often mom and dad liked to throw on their running shoes.
mated bred descended counterparts exercise addicts
你是否總是找借口不去健身？恭喜恭喜，你大可以說(shuō)這都是基因的錯(cuò)。因?yàn)閷?duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的渴望可能是遺傳的——至少在老鼠身上是這樣?！队?guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)報(bào)B》上的一項(xiàng)研究如是說(shuō)。 此項(xiàng)研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)始于1993年，研究人員將224只實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠被分成8組，其中4組里擁有蹬輪子最高里程記錄的雌雄鼠被配種，而另外4組則被隨機(jī)配種。 經(jīng)過(guò)43代之后，長(zhǎng)跑選手誕下的后代每天都會(huì)主動(dòng)跑7英里——這距離是對(duì)應(yīng)組那些懶散老鼠們跑的3倍。它們會(huì)用不同的方式跑完7英里，有一些會(huì)跑馬拉松，而有一些——特別是雌鼠——會(huì)在幾小時(shí)內(nèi)快跑。 跑步的老鼠會(huì)有體質(zhì)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)，像是更好的耐力和更少的脂肪。但這并不只是健康的問(wèn)題。以前的研究顯示，老鼠大腦里也有某些物質(zhì)正在發(fā)生變化，這些物質(zhì)讓它們運(yùn)動(dòng)成癮。由于老鼠和人類(lèi)有相似的基因，你老爹老媽穿上跑鞋做運(yùn)動(dòng)的興致有多高，也許就決定了你踏上跑道奔跑的欲望有多大。