科學60秒:埋藏了一萬年的宴會
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2011-05-15 00:02
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We humans love excuses to gather for a rousing evening of community—featuring lots of food. Now researchers have evidence for the earliest known group feasting.
At a 12,000-year-old ____1____ in northern Israel, archaeologists found the remains of at least 71 tortoises and two wild cattle in specially built hollows in a cave. The tortoise shells surrounded the remains of individuals who the scientists say were shamans. And there’s evidence that the animals were cooked and eaten. Based on the bones, the researchers estimate that the meat could have supported about 35 people, maybe more.
The discovery was published by researchers from the University of Connecticut and Hebrew University in Jerusalem in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The feast would have taken place right around the time that people were going from ____2____ of hunter-gatherers to settlements of farmers—the transition to early agriculture. As the region’s local population grew, competition increased for ___3___. Settling down also meant that our ancestors were forced into contact with more people in a smaller area.
So, large community meals might have served to ____4____ and ____5____. Much like dinner parties today.
We humans love excuses to gather for a rousing evening of community—featuring lots of food. Now researchers have evidence for the earliest known group feasting.
At a 12,000-year-old ____1____ in northern Israel, archaeologists found the remains of at least 71 tortoises and two wild cattle in specially built hollows in a cave. The tortoise shells surrounded the remains of individuals who the scientists say were shamans. And there’s evidence that the animals were cooked and eaten. Based on the bones, the researchers estimate that the meat could have supported about 35 people, maybe more.
The discovery was published by researchers from the University of Connecticut and Hebrew University in Jerusalem in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The feast would have taken place right around the time that people were going from ____2____ of hunter-gatherers to settlements of farmers—the transition to early agriculture. As the region’s local population grew, competition increased for ___3___. Settling down also meant that our ancestors were forced into contact with more people in a smaller area.
So, large community meals might have served to ____4____ and ____5____. Much like dinner parties today.
burial site
tribes
existing food sources
lubricate social connections
alleviate tensions
人類總喜歡找個理由，在一個熱鬧的、食物豐富的夜晚聚在一起。如今，研究人員找到了人們最早群聚赴宴的證據(jù)。
在以色列北邊一個有著1萬2千年歷史的墓址里，考古學家在一個山洞中特別挖出的凹地里發(fā)現(xiàn)了至少71只烏龜和2只野牛的殘骸。烏龜殼的四周圍繞著被科學家稱為薩滿教的人類骸骨。而有證據(jù)表明這些動物曾被烹調并享用。研究人員根據(jù)骨頭推測至少有35人食用了這些動物的肉。
康涅狄格大學和耶路撒冷希伯來大學的研究人員在《美國國家科學院學報》上刊登了這項發(fā)現(xiàn)。
這次宴會發(fā)生在人們從部落狩獵過渡至農(nóng)耕定居的時期——也就是人類向早期農(nóng)業(yè)時代過渡的時候。地區(qū)本土人口的增加引起了當時食物來源競爭的加劇。定居也就意味著我們的祖先被迫在更小地域里與更多人接觸。
因此，大規(guī)模集體聚餐的目的可能是為了鞏固社會關系和減輕矛盾，就和現(xiàn)今的晚宴一樣。
