2002 年 3 月考題

TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways. For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray. American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished. When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children. Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe , they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.” This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident. Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.

分析：

① The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.

譯文：成人與兒童世界的劃分是多方面的。 // 劃分成人與兒童世界有很多方式。

考點(diǎn)： 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換

② For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.

譯文：例如 / 比方說，許多美國家長可能跟教會毫無瓜葛 / 不信教，對上帝是否存在也不置可否 / 深表懷疑，然而他們卻把孩子們送去主日學(xué)校（灌輸宗教思想），并幫助他們禱告。

考點(diǎn)： 正反譯法： be totally divorced from → 脫離（正譯）

?????????????????????????????????????????? →與……毫無瓜葛

????????????????? entertain grave doubt about →深表懷疑（正譯）

????????????????????????????????????????????? →對……不置可否（反譯）

????????? divorce: separate sth from sth in a wrong way. 使脫離

????????? may →可能

????????? 抽象譯法： church →教會

????????? 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： be totally divorced from → 脫離

????????? entertain: hold sth in the mind or feelings 持有；抱著；懷有

???????????????????? eg. entertain ideas, doubts, etc. 持有想法；感到懷疑

????????? 名詞詞組譯為分句： the existence of God →上帝是否存在

????????? Sunday school → 主日學(xué)校：通常與教堂或猶太教堂有緊密聯(lián)系的學(xué)校，在星期日對兒童進(jìn)行宗教教育。

③ American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales (in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished).

譯文：美國家長在一個爾虞我詐備受推崇的競爭世界中努力打拼，卻用童話故事敷衍 / 搪塞孩子們，故事 / 從中講述正義與邪惡作斗爭，最終總是善有善報、惡有惡報 / 正義取得勝利而邪惡受到懲罰。

考點(diǎn)： 具體譯法：成語法： sheer cunning and falsehood → 爾虞我詐

?????? 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： are often rewarded and respected → 備受推崇

????????????????????????????? is pitted →作斗爭

????????????????????????????? the bad inevitably punished → 邪惡受到懲罰

????????? 定語從句的翻譯：省略法/重復(fù)法

????????? 轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞→名詞?? the good→ 正義?? the bad→ 邪惡

??????????????????? 形容詞 →動詞?? the good inevitably is successful→ 善有善報；正義取得勝利

????????? 合詞譯法： rewarded and respected→ 備受推崇

????????? nursery tale: fairy tale 童話故事

④ When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.

譯文：如果美國夫妻鬧矛盾 / 在美國，夫妻失和時，他們在孩子面前卻是一副其樂融融的樣子。

考點(diǎn)： front: ⑴ out-ward appearance or show, esp. of the specified type 外表；樣子；模樣

put on/show/present a bold front → 裝出大膽的樣子

eg. Her rudeness is just a front for her shyness. 她的粗暴只不過是掩蓋她的怯懦而已。

⑵ a front for sth : something that serves to hide an illegal or a secret activity 幌子

eg. The jewellery firm is just a front for their illegal trade in diamonds. 珠寶商店正是他們進(jìn)行鉆石非法交易的庇護(hù)所。

⑶ （常與形容詞或名詞連用）領(lǐng)域；界 on the domestic, financial, education, etc. front? 在家庭（財政、教育）領(lǐng)域

????????? 合詞譯法： sweetness and light →其樂融融；和藹可親

????????? 轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞?? sweetness and light →其樂融融；和藹可親

⑤ Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.”

譯文：即便美國家長在生意場或日常生活中遭受沉重打擊 / 一敗涂地，他們也會義無反顧地對孩子們說：“親愛的 / 寶貝，一切將會好起來的?！?

考點(diǎn)： catastrophe: a complete failure; a fiasco: 大敗；徹底的失??；慘敗

（同）： disaster, calamity, cataclysm, blow, reverse, misfortune, affliction, adversity, tragedy, mishap, fiasco, flop （反）： triumph

⑥ This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.

譯文一：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時候才告訴孩子們，這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了美國人想把兒童的世界和成人的世界隔離開的愿望。

譯文二：美國人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限，這一愿望還反映在以下事實(shí)：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是設(shè)法晚點(diǎn)將消息告訴他們的子女。

考點(diǎn)： 換序譯法：賓語先行，主語置后。

?????? 轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞→動詞??? separate →隔離；劃清界線

???????????????? 名詞→副詞??? practice →總是

?????? 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換： is exemplified also by → 這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了

????????????????? 省略被動詞： have been killed →喪生

exemplify （同）： illustrate, show, instance, demonstrate, exhibit, manifest, represent, embody

⑦ Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.

譯文：總而言之，美國父母們面對著現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界，而他們的子女卻活在近乎完美 / 理想化的虛幻世界，在這個世界中，父母生活的世界中的規(guī)則統(tǒng)統(tǒng)不適用，而且規(guī)則的執(zhí)行是要打折扣的 // 而且不可能完全執(zhí)行，甚至兩者背道而馳。

考點(diǎn)： 正反譯法： unreal →不真實(shí)（正譯）

???????????????????????? →虛幻（反譯）

????????????????? watered down →打折扣（正譯）

?????????????????????????????? →不可能完全執(zhí)行（反譯）

???????? water down: to reduce the strength or effectiveness of:

削弱：削減了…的力量或效力：

???????? 轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞??? reality →現(xiàn)實(shí)的
????????
???????? 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： are watered down→ 是要打折扣的

??????????????????????????????? are even reversed → 甚至兩者背道而馳

???? ??????