科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)提出用海水中的總鹽量除以每年增加的鹽量可以推算出地球的年齡，卻不可行。法國的布豐伯爵喬治－路易?勒克萊爾做了唯一較為科學(xué)的方法——熱量散逸估得了地球的年齡，但當(dāng)時教會視為異端邪說，害得他連忙做檢討，囧rz~~~

?《萬物簡史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/

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書本的朗讀語音很charming的磁性英音~~~大家可以好好學(xué)著模仿哦~~~！！
因為原著為美國人所寫,單詞采用美式拼法,不抄全文，也不用寫序號。答完一空換行繼續(xù)下一空作答。文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，根據(jù)下面的TIPS訓(xùn)練聽寫。這樣可以提高聽力準(zhǔn)確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~

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Hints:
rendered
impracticable
nonetheless
Buffon
excommunication

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One of the better early attempts at dating the planet came from the ever-reliable Edmond Halley, who in 1715 suggested that if you divided the total amount of salt in the world's seas by the amount added each year, you would get the number of years that the oceans [-1-], which would give you a rough idea of Earth's age. [---2---]

The first attempt at measurement that could be called [-3-] scientific was made by the Frenchman Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, in the 1770s. It [-4-]that the Earth radiated appreciable amounts of heat—that was apparent to anyone who went down a coal mine—but there wasn't any way of estimating the rate of dissipation. Buffon's experiment [-5-] heating spheres until they glowed white hot and then estimating the rate of heat loss by touching them ([-6-] very lightly at first) as they cooled. From this he guessed the Earth's age to be somewhere between 75,000 and 168,000 years old. [---7---] A practical man, he apologized at once for his thoughtless heresy, then cheerfully repeated the assertions throughout his [-8-] writings.

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had been in existence The logic was appealing, but unfortunately no one knew how much salt was in the sea or by how much it increased every year, which rendered the experiment impracticable. remotely had long been known consisted of presumably This was of course a wild underestimate, but a radical notion nonetheless, and Buffon found himself threatened with excommunication for expressing it. subsequent
在確定這顆行星的年齡的問題上，早期有個比較合理的看法。它是由始終可靠的埃德蒙?哈雷提出來的。1715年，他提出，要是你把全世界海洋里的鹽的總量，除以每年增加的量，你就會得出海洋存在的年數(shù)，從而可以大致知道地球的年齡。這個道理很吸引人，但不幸的是，誰也不知道海洋里究竟有多少鹽，也不知道每年到底增加多少，這就使得這項實驗無法付諸實施。 　　第一次稱得上比較符合科學(xué)的嘗試是由法國的布豐伯爵喬治－路易?勒克萊爾進(jìn)行的，那是在18世紀(jì)70年代。很長時間以來，大家都知道，地球釋放出相當(dāng)可觀的熱量--下過煤礦的人都清楚--但是，沒有辦法來估計散逸率。布豐在實驗過程中先把球體加熱到白熾的程度，然后在其冷卻的過程中用觸摸的辦法（可能開頭是輕輕的）來估計熱的損耗率。根據(jù)這項實驗，他推測地球的年齡在75000-168000年之間。這當(dāng)然是大大地低估了；但是，這是一種很激進(jìn)的見解。布豐發(fā)現(xiàn)，要是把這見解加以發(fā)表，他有被開除教籍的危險。他是個講究實際的人，連忙為自己缺乏考慮的邪說表示歉意，然后輕松愉快地在隨后的著作中不斷重復(fù)他的看法。