Creative thinkers 'more likely to cheat' as they can dream up more imaginative defences
創(chuàng)意豐富的人更容易騙人 因?yàn)樗麄兡芟氤龈鞣N借口為自己辯解

Creative thinkers are more likely to cheat as they can come up with elaborate explanations to justify their actions, researchers claim.
最近有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，創(chuàng)造力無(wú)限的思想者更容易騙人，因?yàn)樗麄兡芟氤龈鞣N解釋為自己的行為辯護(hù)。

The psychologists tested a range of students and found that those with vivid imaginations cheated in order to get a bigger financial prize.
心理學(xué)家測(cè)試了一批學(xué)生，發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有豐富想象力的更容易為了更豐厚的獎(jiǎng)金報(bào)酬而騙人或作弊。

The students then used their creative thinking skills to come up with different reasons for their actions and ultimately assuage their guilt.
這些學(xué)生用他們的創(chuàng)意思維能力想出各種借口為自己的行動(dòng)辯護(hù)，最后減輕了自己的內(nèi)疚感。

'Greater creativity helps individuals solve difficult tasks across many domains,' study researcher Francesca Gino of Harvard University said in a statement, according to LiveScience. 'But creative sparks may lead individuals to take unethical routes when searching for solutions to problems and tasks.'
哈佛大學(xué)研究人員Francesca Gino表示：“創(chuàng)造力的確有助于人們解決許多領(lǐng)域里面臨的困難，但創(chuàng)意的火花可能導(dǎo)致某些人在解決問(wèn)題完成任務(wù)時(shí)采取不道德的途徑?！?/div>

Scientists asked 97 students from southeastern U.S. universities to complete a series of recognised psychological tests.
科學(xué)家研究了美國(guó)東南部大學(xué)的97名學(xué)生，要求他們完成一系列廣受認(rèn)可的心理學(xué)測(cè)試。

Participants looked at drawings with dots on two sides of a diagonal line and were then asked figure out which side had more dots. In half of the 200 tests, there was a virtually identical number of dots on either side.
參與者需要看著一條對(duì)角線兩側(cè)有圓點(diǎn)的圖案，然后指出哪一側(cè)的圓點(diǎn)更多。在一共200個(gè)測(cè)試中，有一半其實(shí)兩側(cè)的圓點(diǎn)數(shù)量相同。

The students were then given an incentive of 5 cents for choosing the right side of the line but only 0.5 cents for picking the left side of diagram.
研究者事先告訴學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的方法：選線右側(cè)可以得到5美分，選左側(cè)只能拿到0.5美分。

The more creative people chose the more lucrative right side even though there was no reason for them to believe it had more dots.
創(chuàng)意性更豐富的人即使在明知沒(méi)有理由確定右邊的圓點(diǎn)多的情況下，也會(huì)選擇獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)更為豐厚的右側(cè)。

The researchers claim that this is proof that creative individuals construct imaginative justifications in their mind while cheating, and in particular, when cheating for money.
研究人員表示，這可以證明創(chuàng)意豐富的人在欺騙行為時(shí)會(huì)在心中構(gòu)建各種充滿想象力的借口，尤其涉及到金錢時(shí)。

A second experiment saw students answer general-knowledge questions by circling their answers on test paper.
第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)要求學(xué)生們回答基礎(chǔ)常識(shí)問(wèn)題，答題方式是在試卷上圈出正確的答案。

They were then told to transfer their answers to another piece of paper. However, the researcher then told them that this same test sheet had been accidentally marked with the correct answers.
研究人員告訴學(xué)生，需要將答案謄寫(xiě)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答題紙上，但是又告訴他們，由于影印用錯(cuò)紙張，答題紙上已隱約可見(jiàn)正確的答案。

Although the students were led to believe there was no way they could get caught cheating, a system was in place to catch those who had.
雖然研究者讓學(xué)生們誤以為在轉(zhuǎn)填答案時(shí)作弊不會(huì)被抓到，但是其實(shí)是有追蹤學(xué)生作弊情況的暗記系統(tǒng)。

Once again it was the creative types who had taken shortcuts by copying the correct answers. During this experiment students also knew they would be paid more for correct answers, so had more incentive to cheat.
結(jié)果再次發(fā)現(xiàn)，創(chuàng)造力強(qiáng)的學(xué)生會(huì)走捷徑抄襲正確答案。在測(cè)試過(guò)程中學(xué)生們也了解正確答案越多，酬勞就會(huì)越豐厚，所以他們又有了作弊的動(dòng)機(jī)。

'Being able to generate several original justifications for one's own unethical actions thanks to creativity may lead people to feel licensed to cheat,' the authors wrote in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
《人性與社會(huì)心理學(xué)報(bào)》的作者在文中寫(xiě)到：“創(chuàng)造力使得他們能夠?yàn)樽约旱牟坏赖滦袨檎业礁鞣N借口，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致這些人覺(jué)得自己有騙人的特權(quán)?！?/div>

'The results from the current paper indicate that, in fact, people who are creative or work in environments that promote creative thinking may be the most at risk when they face ethical dilemmas.'
“現(xiàn)在的研究結(jié)果表明，創(chuàng)意強(qiáng)或是在有利于發(fā)展創(chuàng)意思維的環(huán)境中工作的人更容易面臨道德的兩難境地?！?/div>

The study did not identify a link between intelligence and dishonesty. Less intelligent people who lacked creativity were also no more likely to cheat.
研究并沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)智力和不誠(chéng)實(shí)之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)。智力低、缺乏創(chuàng)意性的人一般都不太會(huì)騙人。