Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

1.It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England...

我很高興遇見你們這些來自英國的學(xué)生……

pleasure 本來是抽象名詞,在此句中具體化,意思是“樂事;快事”。

①It‘s a pleasure to meet you.

認(rèn)識你是十分高興的事。

②She has few pleasures left in life.

她生活中已沒有什么樂趣了。

拓展:抽象名詞的具體化是高考的??键c之一,現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下:(1)表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、特點、情感、情緒的人或事,且表示變化了的詞義時,這類抽象名詞由于已具體化,

故可變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞。如:

a pleasure 樂事 ? a success 成功的人或事

a surprise 奇異的事 a failure 失敗的人或事

a pity 可惜的事 a must 必要的事

a worry 令人擔(dān)憂的事 a wonder 奇跡

a great help 有幫助的人或事 a youth 年輕人

a danger 危險的人或物 a beauty 美人

(2)表示抽象的特性、狀態(tài)、思維、行為的一次、一種、一類、一下、一頓等意思時,常可組成“a/an+抽象名

詞”或“a/an+形容詞+抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

have a sleep 睡覺 die a death 死

take a great interest 表現(xiàn)極大的興趣

take a look 看 get a high opinion 得到很高的評價

make an apology 道歉

have a good time 玩得高興

an art 一種藝術(shù)

a delicious breakfast (lunch, supper) 可口的早餐(午餐、晚餐)

[即境活用1] She is ______ success, ______ woman as she is.

A./; /    B.a(chǎn); a ? ? ? ? ?C./; a ? ? ? ?D.a(chǎn); /

答案:D

解析:考查冠詞。第一空填a,表示“一位成功人士”;第二空 as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,句子需倒裝且名詞前不填冠詞。

2.We have_been_excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might

have kept the fire burning all winter.

我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰,幾乎有六米厚,這意味著他們可能整個冬天都在燒火。

(1)句中的have been doing是現(xiàn)在完成進行時。

完成進行時是現(xiàn)在完成時的強調(diào)形式,表示動作從過去某一時間開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能還要繼續(xù)下去,通常與表

示一段時間的狀語連用,如:for hours, since this morning等,其構(gòu)成是“have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞”。

I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven’t found it.

我已經(jīng)花了三天的時間找我丟失的書,但還沒有找到。

【注意】現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別:

①二者都可以表示動作的延續(xù),區(qū)別在于:前者更強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性,可以說是后者的強調(diào)形式。

We have been living here for ten years.(強調(diào)還要繼續(xù)住下去)

We have lived here for ten years.(不知道是否已經(jīng)結(jié)束)

②在無時間狀語的情況下,前者表示動作仍在進行,而后者則表示動作在過去已結(jié)束。

The students have been preparing for the exam.(還在進行)

The students have prepared for the exam.(已經(jīng)結(jié)束)

(2)句中的suggest含義為“暗示,表明”,后面接從句時不用虛擬語氣。

His pale face suggests he is in bad health.

他面色蒼白,說明他身體不好。

當(dāng)suggest含義為“建議,提出”時,后面跟從句時要用虛擬語氣that sb. should do.

I suggested to him that we should handle the problem another way.

我向他建議我們用另一種方式處理這個問題。

The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.

牙醫(yī)建議她改天再來。

[即境活用2] (1)The two countries ______ to maintain their military equation for many years.

A.tried ? ? ? ? B.was trying ? ? ? ?C.have tried ? ? ? ? ? ?D.have been trying

答案:D

(2)The suggestion that the mayor ______ the prizes was accepted by everyone.

A.would present ? ? ? ? B.present ? ? ?C.presents ? ? ? ? D.ought to present

答案:B

3.Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

她突然坐下,結(jié)果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹魯娜抱了起來。

only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna是不定式做結(jié)果狀語,多表示意料之外的結(jié)果。

He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆匆忙忙地趕到車站,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。

提示:-ing 形式做結(jié)果狀語多表示由于前邊的動作自然而然地導(dǎo)致后邊的結(jié)果。如:

①They can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. 它們可以在兩分鐘之內(nèi)把一個人吃光,只剩骨頭。

②European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport.

有80多個國家踢歐式足球,這使得它成為最流行的運動。

[即境活用3] The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left.

A.to tell B.to be told ??C.telling D.told

答案:B

解析:only+to do 常做結(jié)果狀語,故排除C、D兩項。根據(jù)句意可知是“別人告訴記者”,the news reporters 做主語,需用被動式。