Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

1．As she turned around, there_stood Gladys Claffern.

她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過身去，就看到格拉迪斯?克拉芬站在那里。

There stands...倒裝句。(1)there, here, now, then 等副詞放在句首時，句子要完全倒裝，謂語動詞常用 come, go, be, lie, run 等。

(2)表示方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首時，句子也要完全倒裝，句中的謂語動詞通常是 come, go等表示動作的動詞。

(3)在上述全部倒裝中，主語如為人稱代詞，則應(yīng)放在動詞前面。

①There goes the bell. 鈴響了。

②Now comes your turn. 現(xiàn)在輪到你了。

③The door opened and in came a teacher.

門開了，進來一位老師。

④Away went the students. 學生們走了。

Away they went. 他們走了。

⑤Present at the meeting are some teachers and students.

一些老師和學生出席了會議。

[即境活用1]　—Look! There ______.

—Oh, there______.

A．comes the bus; comes it ? ? ?B．comes the bus; it comes

C．the bus comes; it comes ? ? ?D．the bus comes; comes it

答案：B

解析：考查全部倒裝。注意主語是代詞時，不倒裝，故選B.

2．But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women falling_in_love_with machines.

但是，盡管托尼很聰明，他還得經(jīng)過一番改造——你總不能讓女人與機器相愛吧。

have sb. doing 意為“叫/讓/使某人做某事或讓某種情況發(fā)生”。賓語后面用現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補足語，表示賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作之間為主動關(guān)系，且動作正在進行或一直進行。won‘t have sb. doing 意為“不讓某人做某事”。

①Don‘t have the baby crying! 不要讓嬰兒啼哭！

②You’d better have your car running slowly.

你最好把車子開慢點兒。

③I won‘t have you talking to your mother like that.

我不允許你這樣與你媽媽說話。

拓展：(1)have sb. do 讓某人做某事(do表示動作由 sb. 發(fā)出)

(2)have sb./sth. done 使某事被別人做(sb./sth. 與動詞 do構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系)

(3)have sth. to do 有事要做(to do做后置定語修飾 sth.，該不定式的動作由主語發(fā)出)

(4)have sth. to be done 有事要做(to do做后置定語修飾 sth.，但不定式的動作不是由主語發(fā)出的，而是別人)

①I‘ll have the gardener plant some trees.

我要讓園丁種些樹。

②Why don't you have your hair cut? 你為什么不理發(fā)？

③I have some clothes to wash.

我有些衣服要洗。(洗衣服是主語發(fā)出的動作)

④I have some clothes to be washed.

我有些衣服要洗。(洗衣服不是主語發(fā)出的動作，由別人來做)

[即境活用2]　You should understand the traffic rule by now. You‘ve had it ______ often enough.

A．explaining　　 B．to explain ? ? ??C．explain ? ? ? ?D．explained

答案：D

解析：句中 it指 the traffic rule,故用 have sth. done “使某事被做”。