Ⅱ.重點句型詳解
1．Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world－famous football teams and some of them even have two! 雖然，全國性的，這些城市不如中國的城市大，但是它們擁有世界著名的足球隊，有的城市甚至有兩支！

those 在此為代詞，用于表示比較的句型中，代指前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 cities.

辨析：one/the one/ones/the ones/that/those/it

這幾個詞都用來指代前面提到的名詞，但是所指內(nèi)容不同。

(1)one 代替上文提到的某個可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指意義，一般指同類事物中的任何一個；而 the one代替上文提到的某個可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示特指。

(2)ones 代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表泛指，一般指同類事物中的一些；而 the ones指代上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指。

(3)that 用來代替上文提到的名詞，可以是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，表示特指。如果代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，可以與 the one互換。

(4)those是 that的復(fù)數(shù)形式，代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指，可與 the ones 互換。

(5)it代替前面的同一事物或同一個人。

①I want to buy a house, one with a large garden.我想買一座房子，一座帶有大花園的房子。

②The little boy doesn't like this apple; he wants the red one.小男孩不喜歡這個蘋果，他想要那個紅的。

③I bought some new chairs. The old ones should be thrown away. 我買了新椅子，那些舊的也該扔了。

④The bike is cheaper than that made in our factory.這自行車比我們廠生產(chǎn)的要便宜。(that＝the one)

⑤The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中國的人口比日本的多。(that 不用 the one 代替)

⑥The cars made here are better than those made in my hometown. 這里生產(chǎn)的小汽車比我家鄉(xiāng)生產(chǎn)的好。

⑦—Who is the person that shook hands with the foreigners? 那個和外賓握手的人是誰？—It is our headmaster. 他是我們的校長。

[即境活用1]　

(1)(2008?濟南模擬)The language used in advertisement differs from ______ used in ordinary reading.

A．Which B．what? C．that D．it

答案：C

解析：代替前面的 the language應(yīng)用 that.

(2)(2007?陜西)—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ______？

—No, I'd rather buy ______ in the bookstore.

A．it; one B．one; one? C．one; it D．it; it

答案：A

解析：第一空用 it指代上文中提到的那一本書；第二空用 one相當(dāng)于 a copy,泛指“一本”。

2．It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一件怪事：這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世。

It seems/is strange that...“……有點奇怪”，that 從句常用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should 意為“竟然”，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情感到驚訝。

拓展：在 “It is natural/important/necessary/a pity/a shame＋that 從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中的謂語動詞也用“should＋動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)；should 在這些句型中表示驚訝、氣憤、惋惜等情感。

①It was strange that he should have said that!他竟然說那樣的話，真是奇怪！

②It‘s a pity that he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose.機會出現(xiàn)時，他竟然沒有抓住，真是遺憾。

[即境活用2]　—You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours.

—I am sorry that you ______ think so.

A．would B．could? C．should D．might

答案：C

解析：考查情態(tài)動詞。答句句意：很抱歉你竟然這么想。should 有“竟然”的意思。