第一章 并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)
英語句子最常用的方法是通過使用一些關(guān)聯(lián)詞,如 and、or等,或標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)如:分號(hào),逗號(hào),破折號(hào)等,若干個(gè)在語義上有聯(lián)系或相互照應(yīng)的單詞、詞組或子句連在一起組成一種并列或平行結(jié)構(gòu)的長(zhǎng)句,以表達(dá)一個(gè)復(fù)雜得多層次含義。這種句式雖然難度不一定很高,但在復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句中還是占了相當(dāng)大的比例的.
從今天開始我們就由淺入深,來對(duì)這一類型的句子進(jìn)行練習(xí)和攻克。希望大家通過練習(xí)能掌握分析這類句式的一般規(guī)律和方法。

Exercise

It was mostly he who talked and he seemed afraid to stop for fear she’d ask him to leave her by herself.

An example of a verbal subtest would be vocabulary, whereas an example of a performance subtest would be picture arrangement, the latter requiring an examinee to arrange a set of pictures into a sequence so that they tell a comprehensible story.

A body at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion remain in motion at a constant speed in a straight line, unless acted upon by an external force.


要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文

要點(diǎn):這是一個(gè)由and 連接的并列復(fù)合句。And前面的句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是he。It僅位先行代詞,沒有意義。Mostly 用作副詞,意為“多半”。 For fear(that)= in order that……should not happen意為”生怕……,以免……”。例如:I daren’t tell you what he did , for fear that he should be angry with me.(我不敢將他的事告訴你,怕他因此對(duì)我發(fā)脾氣)。To leave her by herself相當(dāng)于to leave her alone。
參考譯文:大部分時(shí)間都是他在講話。他似乎害怕停下來,生怕話一停,她就會(huì)請(qǐng)他離開。

要點(diǎn):本句由whereas 連接在一起的兩個(gè)分句并列而成?!皌he latter requiring an examinee to arrange a set of pictures into a sequence so that they tell a comprehensible story.”是現(xiàn)在分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu);”the latter”是現(xiàn)在分詞” requiring”的邏輯主語;“the latter”指的是” an example of a performance subtest” ?!?so that they tell a comprehensible story” 是”so that” 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句;其中主語”they”指的是:“a set of pictures”
參考譯文:口頭語言測(cè)試的一個(gè)實(shí)例是測(cè)驗(yàn)詞匯能力,而行為表現(xiàn)測(cè)試的實(shí)例是測(cè)驗(yàn)排列圖畫能力。后者要求受測(cè)試者把一組圖畫排序,這個(gè)次序應(yīng)該能夠表達(dá)一個(gè)可以理解的故事。

要點(diǎn):這是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句。And 連接兩個(gè)句子,構(gòu)成并列句。Unless 是連詞,連接下一個(gè)子句,做前面兩個(gè)主句的狀語從句。Unless 后面省略了it is。At rest和in motion 是兩個(gè)介詞短語,分別作body的定語,意思為“處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)”和“處于運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)中”
參考譯文:除非受到外力作用,靜止的物體將繼續(xù)保持靜止,運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體將繼續(xù)作勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)。

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