高考英語綜合填空解題技巧
拿一張英語高考卷來講,讓學(xué)生覺得最沒有把握的就是綜合填空,也叫完形填空,我更喜歡把它稱之為綜合填空,因?yàn)樗菍W(xué)生語言知識和閱讀能力的綜合測試。綜合填空文章的難度和其題目的設(shè)置緊密相關(guān),我們不妨以考核目的將高考中綜合填空20個(gè)題目分成三類,與之對應(yīng)的解題方法也有以下這三種——
一、上下文推敲
這類題目主要是對學(xué)生語言理解能力的考核,也是我們上??季碇凶疃嘁姷囊活惪碱}。根據(jù)上文所提到的內(nèi)容來推測下文可能發(fā)生的結(jié)果,這是高三學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握了的做題方法,而學(xué)生容易忽略的技巧是從下往上的倒推,這就是為什么我們要求學(xué)生來回看文章的道理,很多信息在后面被告知,據(jù)此來完成前面的填空。同時(shí),對文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)的理解,比方是總分的還是分總的,或總分總的結(jié)構(gòu),也有利于提高推敲的正確性。下面我們以文章為例來理解“下上文”推敲和分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)的意義。
1.In this chapter you canfind details about more than a hundred different jobs.You are told what qualifications you need, the personal ___1___employers may expect___2____you,the duties you will have in the job, ___3___,what is good and what is not so good about the job. Don’t just look at one description,? look at any descrip-tion you think will interest you.Computer operator
2.Qualifications You will need good__4___from school in several subjects including maths and English.Most employers will test your ca -pability.___5__is on the job or you may need to go to college for further qualifications.
3.Qualities ____6___solving problems;think clearly;like machines;work well in a tem;not___7___routines;have imagination and be very accurate.
4.Duties Prepare jobs;run jobs on the computer;solve problems and correct errors;keep careful______8______of work done.
5.For You work in a very____9__indus -try;;you are well paid;there is lots of opportu-nities in the industry; there are lots of new ma-chines,and new jobs for computers.
6.___10__You may work in rooms win -dows;computer rooms can be noisy;you have to concentrate; you may work irregular hours as big computers run 24 hours a day.
??? 1.A. requirements? B. qualifications C. problems;ies
???
??? yet finally any case the whole
??? s -ommendations
??? 5.A.Education B.Training C.Teaching D.Operating
??? 6.A.Include B.Expect C.Enjoy D.Participate
??? it
??? s y
??? ng -known
??? 10.A.Notice B.On C.Opposite D.A-gainst
綜觀全文,文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分式。第1段為總寫,第2﹑3﹑4﹑5和第6段為分點(diǎn)表述。因此2﹑3﹑4﹑5和6段段首黑體字也就是第1段所講的內(nèi)容,所以答案就很顯然,第一空格的qualities也就是第3段段首字;而第5段段首字for就對應(yīng)了第1段的whatisgood;類推得出 whatisnotsogood對應(yīng)了第6段段首字,因此答案為for的反義詞against。另外我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)for和against是最后兩點(diǎn),因此推出第1段第3空格為B選項(xiàng)andfinally與之對應(yīng)。所以我們在閱讀文章時(shí),不僅要把握細(xì)節(jié)部分,也需要把握文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。
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