平行結(jié)構(gòu)

1.注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中相比較的內(nèi)容在語法形式上是否相同。如：

It is better to die on one’s feet than to live on one’s knees.

Despite the temporary difficulties, the manager prefers increasing the output to decreasing it.

2.其他具有并列或比較意義的短語。

(1)rather than, let alone 雖不是并列連詞，但在結(jié)構(gòu)上連接兩個語法形式相同的成分。如：

We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style rather than in a personal style.

For the new country to survive, let alone for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be required.

(2)如果平行的兩個成分在形式上是介詞短語，而且介詞相同，一般說來第二個介詞不要省略。如：

At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of the features and editorials.

代詞

1.與所指代的名詞在性、數(shù)、格上是否一致

如：Each cigarette a person smokes does some harm, and eventually he may get a serious disease from its effect.

It was during the 1920’s that the friendship between the two American writers Hemingway and Fitzgerald reached its highest point.

的指代作用

that指代不可數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(如是復(fù)數(shù)，用those)，后面通常跟有修飾語，如出現(xiàn)在比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的that of。如：Conversation calls for a willingness to alternate the role of speaker with that of listener, and it calls for occasional “digestive pauses”by both.

No bread eaten by man is so sweet as that earned by his own labor.

的指代作用

one指代不確指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)為ones。the one 指代確指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如：

A good writer is one who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way.