【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷一：品質(zhì)閃爍在良好的傳承中03
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?本書簡介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷一：品質(zhì)閃爍在良好的傳承中（3）
?小編語：在卷一中，奧勒留回憶自己身邊之人所教會自己的東西，George Long的翻譯十分精煉，有些看起來也許不成句子，僅僅是一些詞組和短語，但就在字里行間，我們可以感受到作者的思考與自省。如果要作為翻譯練習(xí)的話，需要注意添加動詞及調(diào)整語序，使你的翻譯語句通順，易于理解。
從這期選的兩段文字中，奧勒留學(xué)到的是遇到任何事都寵辱不驚的態(tài)度，是一種仁愛的氣質(zhì)。對于現(xiàn)在的我們來說，也是不可缺少的品質(zhì)。面對人生中的挫折變故，需要我們有一顆堅強的心支撐自己，仁愛同樣是我國傳統(tǒng)文化中的核心思想。真正的謙遜不是假仁假義博取他人的贊美和奉承，而是一種“大音希聲，大象無形”，往往在不經(jīng)意間體現(xiàn)一個人的修養(yǎng)和境界。
1.9 From Apollonius I learned freedom of will and undeviating steadiness of purpose; and to look to nothing else, not even for a moment, except to reason; and to be always the same, in sharp pains, on the occasion of the loss of a child, and in long illness; and to see clearly in a living example that the same man can be both most resolute and yielding, and not peevish in giving his instruction; and to have had before my eyes a man who clearly considered his experience and his skill in expounding philosophical principles as the smallest of his merits; and from him I learned how to receive from friends what are esteemed favours, without being either humbled by them or letting them pass unnoticed.
?Notes：
peevish [adj] easily annoyed by unimportant things; bad-tempered
expound [v] ~sth (sb)| ~on sth (formal) to explain sth by talking about it in detail.
??? e.g.: He expounded his views on the subject to me at great length. （他詳細地想我闡述了他對這個主題的看法。）
???????????We listened as she expounded on the government new policies. （我們聽著她對政府新政策的闡述。）
esteem [UN] (formal) great respect and admiration; a good opinion of sb;
?????????? [V] (formal) (not used in the grogressive tenses) ①[VN][usually passive] to respect and admire sb/sth very much. e.g.: a highly esteemed scientist ②[VN-N](old-fashioned, formal) to think of sb/sth in a particular way.
1.10 From Sextus, a benevolent disposition, and the example of a family governed in a fatherly manner, and the idea of living conformably to nature; and gravity without affectation, and to look carefully after the interests of friends, and to tolerate ignorant persons, and those who form opinions without consideration: he had the power of readily accommodating himself to all, so that intercourse with him was more agreeable than any flattery; and at the same time he was most highly venerated by those who associated with him: and he had the faculty both of discovering and ordering, in an intelligent and methodical way, the principles necessary for life; and he never showed anger or any other passion, but was entirely free from passion, and also most affectionate; and he could express approbation without noisy display, and he possessed much knowledge without ostentation.
?Notes:
flattery [UN] praise that is not sincere, especially in order to obtain sth from sb.
????????? 【IDM】Flattery will get you everywhere/ nowhere: praise that is not sincere will/ will not get what you want.
venerate [V][VN] ~sb/sth (as sth)(formal) to home and show a lot of respect for sb/sth, especially sb/sth that is considered to be holy or very important.
approbation [N][V](formal) approval or agreement .
ostentation [UN](disapproving) an exaggerated display of wealth, knowledge or skill that is made in order to impress people.
?看了筆記注釋之后，先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
1.9 從阿珀洛尼厄斯，我懂得了意志的自由，和目標的堅定不移；懂得了在任何時候都要依賴理性，而不依賴任何別的東西；懂得了在失子和久病的劇烈痛苦中鎮(zhèn)定如常；從他，我也清楚地看到了一個既堅定又靈活，在教導(dǎo)人時毫不暴躁的活的榜樣；看到了一個清醒地不以他解釋各種哲學(xué)原則時的經(jīng)驗和藝術(shù)自傲的人；從他，我也學(xué)會了如何從值得尊敬的朋友那里得到好感而又絲毫不顯得卑微，或者對他們置若罔聞。
1.10 從塞克斯都，我看到了一種仁愛的氣質(zhì)，一個以慈愛方式管理家庭的榜樣和合乎自然地生活的觀念，看到了毫無矯飾的莊嚴，為朋友謀利的細心，對無知者和那些不假思索發(fā)表意見的人的容忍：他有一種能使自己和所有人欣然相處的能力，以致和他交往的愉快勝過任何奉承，同時，他又受到那些與其交往者的高度尊敬。他具有一種以明智和系統(tǒng)的方式發(fā)現(xiàn)和整理必要的生活原則的能力，他從不表現(xiàn)任何憤怒或別的激情，完全避免了激情而同時又溫柔寬厚，他能夠表示嘉許而毫不羅嗦，擁有淵博知識而毫不矜夸。
