快速提升雅思閱讀解題速度的技巧
想要拿到雅思閱讀高分,雅思閱讀解題速度是很重要的要素。提高雅思閱讀的做題速度,必須要掌握一些做題技巧。今天小編主要給大家分享快速提升雅思閱讀解題速度的技巧,希望對(duì)你們有幫助!
一、快速提升雅思閱讀解題速度的技巧
1、單詞量
1)認(rèn)識(shí)的:例如劍橋五上一篇講塑料的文章中的asbestos(石棉)、formaldehyde(甲醛)、phenol(苯酚)等;需認(rèn)識(shí)但是無(wú)需熟練掌握的:閱讀不是寫作,它是門輸入型的考試,這類單詞只需在考試中能回憶出其大致意思即可,例如pyramid(金字塔)、sphinx(獅身人面像);
2)熟練掌握類:這是最重要的一類,需熟練掌握它的用法以及同義詞(這組詞大部分都包含在四、六級(jí)詞匯中)。其實(shí),背單詞不妨用些巧妙的辦法,充分發(fā)揮想象力,就能把這個(gè)枯燥的任務(wù)變得充滿樂(lè)趣。比如Ivy:長(zhǎng)青藤。把IV看作羅馬數(shù)字四,把Y想象成一棵樹(shù),連起來(lái)就是一年四季都長(zhǎng)青的植物,推出長(zhǎng)青藤之意;再如avarice:貪婪,rice的意思大家都知道,我們把V移到兩個(gè)a的下面,很像一個(gè)人的臉。我們就把這個(gè)詞想象成一個(gè)人很想吃飯,進(jìn)而聯(lián)想到貪婪的意思。
2、一詞多義(背單詞的升級(jí)版)
這種情況較第一種情況更郁悶一些。好好一句話,單詞都認(rèn)識(shí),偏偏就是看不懂意思。其實(shí),如果我們知道這是由一詞多義現(xiàn)象造成的話,這種情況也就能自動(dòng)歸到第一種,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)一詞多義的單詞到了這句話中,對(duì)我們而言就是一個(gè)生詞。其實(shí)不妨換位思考一下,我們的母語(yǔ)漢語(yǔ)有無(wú)一詞多義呢?顯然太多了。比如賊這個(gè)字指“小偷”,是名詞;到了某些特殊的語(yǔ)境中卻可以表示“非常”,變成了形容詞。不但連意思變了,連詞性也轉(zhuǎn)了。那么,推己及人,英語(yǔ)也是一樣的道理。大家背單詞時(shí)一定要特意留心一個(gè)單詞的詞性,從而逐漸消除由于一詞多義而造成的閱讀障礙。
3、語(yǔ)法
說(shuō)到語(yǔ)法,中國(guó)人的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法還不夠好么?絕對(duì)夠好!但我們習(xí)得的語(yǔ)法太過(guò)學(xué)術(shù)化,以至于我們對(duì)西方慣用方式反而陌生。舉個(gè)最簡(jiǎn)單的例子:Yet 大家都認(rèn)識(shí),但雅思考試有一句常見(jiàn)的話:The scientists have yet to determine the……很多考生并沒(méi)看出這是個(gè)否定句而出錯(cuò),這就十分可惜了。再如:Children do not end up on the street due to a single cause,but to a combination of factors。很簡(jiǎn)單的一句話,對(duì)大部分考生來(lái)說(shuō)基本不存在生詞障礙,但是這句話中有兩種必需掌握的語(yǔ)法:否定前置,Not否定的是due to而不是end up以及省略,but 和to 之間省略了一個(gè)to。特別是看出否定前置尤為重要,不然整句的意思就面目全非了。
4、做題方法
首先,了解出題者思路是一個(gè)很聰明的做題方法。比如important和necessary,我們中國(guó)學(xué)生有時(shí)思路非??b密,認(rèn)為重要的不一定是必要的,但是必要的就一定是重要的。這絕對(duì)是一個(gè)很完善的邏輯,但遺憾的是,西方人的思路非常簡(jiǎn)單,在他們眼里,這兩個(gè)單詞首先不矛盾,其次他們都指向需要、重要,那就沒(méi)必要分那么細(xì),于是這兩個(gè)詞是同義詞。再有,閱讀的一點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)在于迅速找出題目所對(duì)應(yīng)的原文。這就須知道相關(guān)詞的概念,即兩個(gè)詞未必意思一樣但之間有關(guān)系。例如 expensive,大部分學(xué)生立刻會(huì)想到costly,not cheap,這里給大家一個(gè)單詞Rolls Royce(勞斯萊斯),這兩個(gè)單詞在雅思閱讀中就屬于一種很巧妙的相關(guān)詞,因?yàn)楹笳呔哂邪嘿F這個(gè)特點(diǎn)。再如bird有什么相關(guān)詞呢?很多學(xué)生要去想背過(guò)的鳥的名字了,但雅思考試中卻曾拿 Nest(雀巢)來(lái)與bird作為相關(guān)詞來(lái)與之對(duì)應(yīng)。這樣的例子數(shù)不勝數(shù),只有當(dāng)我們收集到足夠多的例子,才能從本質(zhì)上提高閱讀速度。
二、雅思閱讀做題速度慢怎么辦
1. in turn
大多數(shù)同學(xué)會(huì)理解為 “反過(guò)來(lái)”,認(rèn)為前后語(yǔ)義是對(duì)立的,但實(shí)際上閱讀中也可能表示順接關(guān)系,翻譯為“接著會(huì)…(發(fā)生)…”The conventional theory is that people yawn when bored or sleepy because yawning raises blood oxygen levels, which in turn raises alertness.
2. account for
大家背四級(jí)單詞時(shí)更多的理解為 “(比例上)占…”的含義,實(shí)際上account for還有“解釋,說(shuō)明……”這個(gè)意思。Heavy rain accounts for most of the water that enters into lakes.Scientists will not be able to account for climate changeover the past century until they learn more about the urban heat island.
3. precipitation
這是個(gè)話題詞匯,大多數(shù)文章中翻譯為 “沉淀”,不過(guò)也有“降水”的意思。Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams.
4. game
不是游戲哦,在學(xué)術(shù)文章中經(jīng)常用來(lái)表達(dá)“野生獵物”這個(gè)意思。下次課別再困惑了。They had experienced great difficulty finding game west of the Rockies and not until the second of December did they kill their first elk.
5. solution
除了“解決方案”,還要知道另一個(gè)常見(jiàn)含義“溶液”。這個(gè)詞在小作文流程圖寫作中也是一個(gè)得分高級(jí)詞匯。Mineral deficiencies in many plants can be cured by misting their roots with a nutrient solution or by transferring the plants to a soilless nutrientsolution.
6. current
又一個(gè)學(xué)科背景詞匯。常見(jiàn)的是形容詞表“當(dāng)下的”,實(shí)際還有“洋流、電流、氣流”等含義。The same thing happens to this day, though on a smaller scale, wherever a sediment-laden river or stream emerges from a mountain valley onto relatively flat land, dropping its load as the current slows: the water usually spreads out fanwise, depositing the sediment in the form of a smooth, fan-shaped slope.
7. browse
家熟知的是“瀏覽”的含義,而實(shí)際上托福閱讀中更常表達(dá)得是“覓食”這個(gè)意思。Where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants, the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salal, dogwood, and almost any other shrub or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding.
8. impact
除了“影響”,還衍生出“沖擊、撞擊”的意思。這里提醒大家impact指代的影響也常常是負(fù)面含義的影響,大家在寫作中要注意。In view of these facts, scientists hypothesized that a single large asteroid, about 10 to 15 kilometers across, collided with Earth, and the resulting fallout created the boundary clay. Their calculations show that the impact kicked up a dust cloud that cut off sunlight for several months, inhibiting photosynthesis in plants; decreased surface temperatures on continents to below freezing…
9. complex
作為名詞的時(shí)候可以表達(dá)“建筑群”的含義。It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices…
10. readily
別因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)得像“ready”就是準(zhǔn)備好的意思,這個(gè)詞其實(shí)是“容易地”意思。The release of heat energy is retarded by the tall vertical city walls that do not allow infrared radiation to escape as readily asdoes the relatively level surface of the surrounding countryside.
11. evident
又一個(gè)大家習(xí)慣想當(dāng)然的詞。都說(shuō)成“證據(jù)”就不對(duì)了,還要知道“明顯的”。Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.
12. collectively
不能望文生義為“收集地”,還有“共同地”這個(gè)釋義較為常見(jiàn)。Eventually, six round forms of handwriting, composed of three pairs of big and little scripts known collectively as the Six Pens, became the standard repertory of every calligrapher.
13. evenly
別以為“even”加個(gè)“-ly”就是甚至的副詞形式,別忘了 “even”本來(lái)就是個(gè)副詞。這個(gè)詞是“均勻地”。Petroleum forms best when organic matter is evenly distributed over ...
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