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1 ?中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾文化

【漢服】

漢服（the traditional Chinese clothing）這種歷史服飾正迎來(lái)復(fù)興。在過(guò)去幾十年里，隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮發(fā)展，中國(guó)人接受了西方的時(shí)尚，但越來(lái)越多年輕人開始在穿著打扮上追求復(fù)古，穿起了傳統(tǒng)的漢服。寬松飄逸的披身長(zhǎng)袍和長(zhǎng)至膝蓋的袖子，是漢服的突出特征。這在很大程度上是因?yàn)檎铝τ谕茝V傳統(tǒng)文化，一些古裝電視劇的熱播也激發(fā)了人們對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾的興趣。在中秋節(jié)等中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日和婚禮等正式場(chǎng)合，年輕人穿上漢服。

【參考譯文】

The traditional Chinese clothing is enjoying a revival. In the last few decades, with China's economic prosperity, Chinese people has embraced western fashion, however a growing number of youngsters have started to appreciate an vintage style in clothing and makeups, wearing traditional "Hanfu" or "Han clothing". It is characterized by loose and flowing robes that drape around the body, with sleeves hanging down to the knee. To a large extent, the government‘s popularization of the traditional culture has contributed to it. The boom of some Period dramas have also contributed to the interest in traditional Chinese clothing. On traditional Chinese festivals such as ?Mid-autumn Festival and formal occasions like weddings, young people wear their Han clothes.

平行文本【絲綢之路】

絲綢之路(the Silk Road)是中國(guó)古代最著名的貿(mào)易路線。在這條路上運(yùn)輸?shù)纳唐分?，絲綢占很大部分，因此得名"絲綢之路"。絲綢之路起點(diǎn)始于長(zhǎng)安，終點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)達(dá)印度、羅馬等國(guó)家。絲綢之路從漢代開始形成，到唐代達(dá)到鼎盛，駱駝曾是絲綢之路上的主要交通工具。中國(guó)的造紙、印刷等偉大發(fā)明通過(guò)這條路傳播到了西方，而佛教(Buddhism)等宗教也被引入中國(guó)。絲綢之路不僅僅是古代國(guó)際貿(mào)易路線，更是連接亞洲、非洲、歐洲的文化橋梁。

【參考譯文】

The Silk Road is the most well-known trade route in ancient China. It got its name because silk comprised a large proportion of commodities transported along this road. The Silk Road started at Chang'an and extended as far as countries like India and Rome. The Silk Road was opened up during the Han Dynasty and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, with camels being the major means of transportation. Great inventions in China, such as paper-making and printing were spread to the Western world along this road and religions like Buddhism were also introduced to China. The Silk Road was not only an ancient international trade route, but also a cultural bridge linking with Africa and Europe.

平行文本【唐裝】

唐朝是中國(guó)古代最繁榮、興旺、燦爛、光榮的時(shí)期。因此，中國(guó)人穿的傳統(tǒng)服裝就被稱為"唐裝(Tang suit)"。實(shí)際上，"唐裝"并不是唐朝的服裝。它的起源可以追溯到清朝，由馬褂(Chinese jacket)演變而來(lái)。唐裝的顏色多種多樣，最常見的是紅色、深藍(lán)色、金色和黑色。唐裝上一種常見的設(shè)計(jì)是使用漢字來(lái)表達(dá)好運(yùn)和祝福。今天，仍然有很多人會(huì)在傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日里穿唐裝。

【參考譯文】

The Tang Dynasty was the most thriving, prosperous, splendid and glorious period in ancient China.As a result, the traditional clothing worn by the Chinese is called "Tang suit". Actually, "Tang suit" is not the clothing of the Tang Dynasty.Its origin can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty, evolving from Chinese jacket.Tang suit is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black.One common design is the usage of Chinese characters to convey good luck and wishes.Today,there are still many people who would wear Tang suit during traditional festivals.

2 ?中國(guó)古代建筑

【蘇州園林】

蘇州園林始于春秋，清末已有各色園林170余處，因此蘇州也被譽(yù)為"園林之城"。蘇州園林是中國(guó)古典園林最杰出的代表，大部分為私家所有。現(xiàn)保存完好的園林有60多處，對(duì)外開放的有十余處。蘇州園林宅園合一，可賞，可游，可居，其建筑規(guī)制反映了中國(guó)古代江南民間的生活方式和禮儀習(xí)俗。蘇州園林不僅是歷史文化的產(chǎn)物，同時(shí)也是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)思想文化的載體?！　?/p>

【參考譯文】

Suzhou gardens were first built in the Spring and Autumn Period. By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had built over 170 gardens of diverse styles, thus, Suzhou was well-known as "The City of Gardens". As the most outstanding representative of classical Chinese gardens，most of which were privately-owned. Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, and more than 10 are open to the public. Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which makes them suitable places for living, visiting and appreciating. The architectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyles and social customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze River. Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.

平行文本【四合院】

四合院(courtyard)是一種歷史類型住宅。它在中國(guó)很常見，最著名的則是在北京。在古代，一座四合院住著一個(gè)單一的大家庭。今天，許多現(xiàn)存的四合院還用作住房，但大都缺乏現(xiàn)代生活設(shè)施。四合院最早可以追溯到西周時(shí)期（the Western Zhou Period）,至今已有2000多年的歷史。它們表現(xiàn)出中國(guó)建筑的優(yōu)秀和基本特征。四合院還是北京的一個(gè)文化象征，也是探索古老生活方式的一個(gè)窗口。

【參考譯文】

Courtyard is a historical type of residence.It was commonly found throughout China,most famous in Beijing.In ancient times,a courtyard would be occupied by a single large family.Today,many remaining courtyards are still used as houses,but most lack modem living facilities.Courtyards date back to as early as the Western Zhou Period,with a history of over 2,000 years.They exhibit outstanding and iundamental characteristics of Chinese architecture.Courtyard also serves as a cultural symbol of Beijing and a window into old ways of life.

平行文本【頤和園】

頤和園(the Summer Palace)位于北京市西北部的海淀區(qū)，距北京市中心15公里。它是中國(guó)最大、保存最完好的皇家園林。頤和園有著名的自然風(fēng)景和人文景觀(cultural landscape),因此它也一直被公認(rèn)為是“皇家園林博物館"。頤和園始建于1750年，作為一座豪華的皇家花園供皇室成員休息和娛樂。清朝末期，頤和園成為了皇家成員的主要居住地。它位列世界遺產(chǎn)(the World Heritage Sites)目錄，也是中國(guó)第一批國(guó)家5A級(jí)旅游景區(qū)之一。

【參考譯文】

The Summer Palace is situated in the Haidian District,northwest of Beijing City,15 kilometers from central Beijing.It is the largest and most well-preserved royal park in China.It also has long been recognizcd as"the Museum of Royal Gardens"with famous natural view and cultural landscape.The construction started in 1750 as a luxurious royal garden for royal families to rest and entertain.It became the main residence of royal members in the end of the Qing Dynasty.It not only ranks amongst the World Heritage Sites, but also is one of the first national Five-A tourist spots in China.

3 ?中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)書畫

【傳統(tǒng)國(guó)畫】

中國(guó)國(guó)畫（Chinese traditional painting）起源于約6000年前。紙張發(fā)明以前，人們主要用陶器（pottery）和絲綢作畫。隨著唐朝經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的繁榮，傳統(tǒng)國(guó)畫逐漸興盛起來(lái)。山水畫（landscape）是中國(guó)國(guó)畫的主要種類之一，主要描繪了中國(guó)各地的山川大河和瑰麗的自然風(fēng)光。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，國(guó)畫的發(fā)展折射了時(shí)代和社會(huì)的變遷。當(dāng)今，經(jīng)典國(guó)畫主要收藏和展覽于美術(shù)館，供中外游客欣賞。

【參考譯文】

Chinese traditional painting dates back to about 6,000 years ago. Before paper was invented, the pottery and silk were mainly used for painting . With the economic and cultural prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, it has gradually gained prosperity. The landscape is one of the major kinds in traditional Chinese painting, mainly depicting great mountains and rivers in various places and the gorgeous natural landscape of China. Over the centuries, the growth of Chinese painting has reflected the change of time and social conditions. Nowadays, the classic Chinese traditional paintings are mainly collected and exhibited in art museums, and appreciated by tourists from China and abroad.

【平行文本】

人物畫 figure painting

山水畫 landscape

花鳥畫 flower-and-bird painting

詩(shī)集 peotry

詩(shī)文 poem

詩(shī)人 poet

書法 calligraphy

印章篆刻 seal engraving

4 ?中國(guó)現(xiàn)代科技成就

【天問(wèn)一號(hào)】

1970年4月24日，中國(guó)第一顆人造衛(wèi)星"東方紅一號(hào)"發(fā)射成功。東方紅一號(hào)重173公斤，比其他國(guó)家的第一顆人造衛(wèi)星都要重。它攜帶了無(wú)線電廣播發(fā)射機(jī)，播送《東方紅》樂曲。東方紅一號(hào)的發(fā)射成功使中國(guó)成為繼蘇聯(lián)、美國(guó)、法國(guó)、日本之后第五個(gè)獨(dú)立發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星的國(guó)家。過(guò)去的幾十年間，中國(guó)航天事業(yè)取得了舉世矚目的成就。中國(guó)的首個(gè)火星探測(cè)任務(wù)為"天問(wèn)一號(hào)"。這個(gè)名字來(lái)自中國(guó)古代最偉大的詩(shī)人之一屈原的長(zhǎng)詩(shī)《天問(wèn)》，意思是向天提問(wèn)。中國(guó)已完成載人航天工程、月球探測(cè)器和北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)等航天工程。

【參考譯文】

The first Chinese satellite "Dong Fang Hong No. 1"was launched on April 24th, 1970. It was notable in that, at 173kg, it was heavier than the first satellites of other countries. The satellite carried a radio transmitter. It broadcast the song of the same name, "The East Is Red". With the successful launch of "Dong Fang Hong No. 1", China became the fifth country after the Soviet Union, United States, France, and Japan to independently launch a satellite. During the past decades, China"s aerospace industry has made remarkable achievements. Tianwen-1 marked China"s first Mars exploration mission, whose name comes from the long poem Tianwen, meaning Questions to Heaven. The poem was written by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. China has completed aerospace projects including manned space programs, lunar probes, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and other programs.

【平行文本】

高鐵 high-speed train

磁懸浮列車 maglev train

北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng) the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

第五代移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)

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雜交水稻 hybrid rice