四六級(jí)閱讀必考10大出題點(diǎn)+審題秘訣,暴漲100分!
2022年12月四六級(jí)考試倒計(jì)時(shí)只有幾天啦
大家備考的如何?
靈魂質(zhì)問~
四六級(jí)閱讀作為最重要且最容易提分的板塊之一
有沒有套路呢??。?/p>
在做四六級(jí)閱讀的時(shí)候
更重要的是明白出題人想問什么
這點(diǎn)在題目和原文都有體現(xiàn)。
四六級(jí)段落匹配題和仔細(xì)閱讀
核心考察目標(biāo)就在于
把(題目/選項(xiàng))信息定位到原文
進(jìn)而匹配比對(duì)出答案的過程。
制勝的關(guān)鍵在于定位!
正所謂知己知彼,百戰(zhàn)不殆。
今天閣主就為大家盤點(diǎn)
四六級(jí)閱讀定位的7大關(guān)鍵詞
和10大出題點(diǎn)、
答案就在這里
一起來看看吧!
四六級(jí)閱讀精準(zhǔn)定位7類關(guān)鍵詞
首先,大部分閱讀理解的題目不需要讀完閱讀理解的全文,也能做出來。這是由四六級(jí)閱讀理解題目設(shè)置的初衷決定的。
在四六級(jí)閱讀理解中,除了選詞填空,仔細(xì)閱讀和長(zhǎng)篇閱讀考查的核心技巧就是——定位(通過題目給出的關(guān)鍵信息定位到原文答案句/段落,進(jìn)而找出正確答案)。
定位的準(zhǔn)確與否,直接影響到解題速度,進(jìn)而影響正確率。
專治四六級(jí)的閣主(ID:hujiangcet),今天就來講講【精準(zhǔn)定位】的訣竅,以及如何利用這些技巧,快速準(zhǔn)確地鎖定正確答案,考前沖刺再提分!
第一部分將解決以下問題:
1. 選哪些詞來“定位”?
2. 找不到定位詞怎么破?
3. 特殊題目該如何定位?
在做閱讀理解時(shí),我們應(yīng)該選哪些詞來定位呢?
選擇定位詞的核心原則是其不可替換性,從題目→原文中變化最小的詞才能充當(dāng)定位詞。
一般來說,具有這種特點(diǎn)的詞語有以下幾類:
01 特殊詞匯
外觀上能一眼識(shí)別的特殊詞匯,往往可以作為定位詞。這些詞匯也往往是每個(gè)題目中所獨(dú)有的特殊詞匯。
比如:
專有名詞(人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名等)
大寫字母、縮寫等
數(shù)字(年代、時(shí)間等)
帶有特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的詞:如連字符
與人相關(guān)的信息(身份、職業(yè))
學(xué)科等
比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),-er, -est結(jié)尾;than...
序數(shù)詞:the first
例如,2017年12月六級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀的一道題目,“What do we learn about chemist John Pemberton?”的定位關(guān)鍵詞是chemist + “John Pemberton”。
02 ?一般定位詞
隨著四六級(jí)考試難度的提升,閱讀理解里的特殊定位詞逐漸減少,往往需要2個(gè)或者2個(gè)以上的定位詞,定位才更精準(zhǔn)。這時(shí)就需要借助一般定位詞。
從詞性上來看,可以作為一般定位詞的首選是:名詞,其變化形式相對(duì)于其他詞性較少,但并不是所有的名詞都可以充當(dāng)一般定位詞,還要具有以下特征:
出現(xiàn)頻率不高;
具有代表性,體現(xiàn)這句話的主要意思;
主題/中心詞(在全文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn))不可作為定位詞;
03 ?修飾詞
如果題目中出現(xiàn)的名詞是整篇文章的主要談?wù)搶?duì)象,那么要選擇的定位詞則是—— 修飾該對(duì)象的名詞或形容詞,多表現(xiàn)為3種形式:
n.+ n. 短語:如2018年12月CET-4仔細(xì)閱讀題干定位詞:energy industries
adj. + n. 短語:如2018年12月題干定位詞:the negative impact
并列名詞短語:如2018年12月題干定位詞:the elderly and the disabled
限定和名詞的組合其實(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)具象的“名詞”,一般情況下文章中這樣類似的組合或者概念的表達(dá)不容易被改寫,因此方便定位。
還以2017年12月六級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀的題干為例,“What is known about the taste of Coca-Cola?”的定位關(guān)鍵詞是“taste” of 。因?yàn)槲恼抡撌龅膶?duì)象是Coca-Cola,定位詞就要從Coca-Cola的修飾語來看了。
但也有時(shí)候,限定+名詞組合在原文會(huì)出現(xiàn)改寫(多為上義到下義的改寫),下面會(huì)具體講到,這就需要做真題時(shí)多總結(jié)和聯(lián)想了。
04 ?動(dòng)詞詞組
題目中獨(dú)一無二的動(dòng)詞詞組,也可以作為定位詞。
這個(gè)詞組一般包括:發(fā)出動(dòng)作的主語(定位點(diǎn)1)+ 動(dòng)詞(定位點(diǎn)2)+ 賓語(定位點(diǎn)3),符合多點(diǎn)定位的原則,定位也會(huì)比較準(zhǔn)確。
比如2018年12月四級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀
(47)cats' response to the noise + the containers ?
以及(49)babies behave like cats,
劃出這些關(guān)鍵信息,可以立即定位到文中相應(yīng)段落。
05 陌生詞匯和難度詞匯
另外,題干中的陌生詞匯和難度詞匯也可以作為本題獨(dú)有的定位詞。
比如以下2個(gè)四級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀的題干:
57. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?
58. What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?
57題中的fascination本身就屬于四級(jí)考綱中的難度詞匯。而58題中的stereotype也同屬特殊詞匯。
這里解釋一下陌生詞匯。如果某篇文章講的是人工智能等高科技,題干里出現(xiàn)了比較新鮮領(lǐng)域的詞匯,這個(gè)生詞可以作為定位詞。
不過,生詞是相對(duì)而言的,對(duì)詞匯量小的同學(xué)而言,一些核心高頻詞也可能是生詞,這里還是建議大家先搞定核心高頻詞匯,積累足夠的詞匯量再大膽運(yùn)用考試技巧。
否則,考試時(shí)會(huì)浪費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間,定位也很麻煩。
06 ?同義改寫5個(gè)方向
在第3點(diǎn)修飾詞中提到,有的短語或詞組很有可能被出題者進(jìn)行同義改寫,會(huì)給定位造成干擾。
閣主總結(jié)了同義改寫常見的5種形式,供大家參考:
同義替換:如perceive →sense;evolve →develop;detect →find
近義改寫:salary → wage;be gained from → derive from
反義詞的否定形式:similar → not unusual
派生詞:多為同一詞根不同詞性之間的轉(zhuǎn)換:creative → creativity等;
上下義詞/詞組:
如:treatment是定位詞drugs的上義詞
the newspaper and television → media
07 ?特殊定位法
最后再來說說一些特殊題型如何定位,比如長(zhǎng)篇匹配閱讀,或是一些仔細(xì)閱讀題的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為細(xì)節(jié),一般以which of the following is true/false?這樣的形式提問。
這個(gè)時(shí)候,每個(gè)選項(xiàng)或者題干都能劃出很多定位詞,但由于文章過長(zhǎng),或有些定位詞過于隱蔽,按題目順序或選項(xiàng)順序定位找起來比較費(fèi)勁。
比如帶著第1題的定位詞去原文找,可能會(huì)撲空,這個(gè)定位所用的時(shí)間就被浪費(fèi)了,導(dǎo)致整體做題時(shí)間不夠用。這個(gè)時(shí)候,閣主建議大家亂序定位。
首先,劃出所有選項(xiàng)或題目中的定位詞,先從特殊定位詞找起,用最容易找的定位詞做出對(duì)應(yīng)的題目。
接下來再按照上面講過的定位方法,結(jié)合題干或選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn),以及是否順序出題等題型特征,縮小定位段落,逐一突破。
你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),這樣做題沒有一個(gè)步驟是浪費(fèi)的,能很快能搞定其他定位詞和題目,提高做題效率。
再強(qiáng)調(diào)一下,這種方法適合:長(zhǎng)篇閱讀匹配題,以及4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都需要定位的仔細(xì)閱讀。
精準(zhǔn)定位的技巧我們已經(jīng)了解了,那么原文中重點(diǎn)閱讀哪些信息,才能最快地做出答案呢!一起來看閱讀理解10大出題點(diǎn)。定位詞+出題點(diǎn),更快速鎖定答案!
四六級(jí)閱讀10大出題點(diǎn)
01 轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比處
一般來說,如果閱讀文本中出現(xiàn)however、but等詞匯時(shí),一般來說,轉(zhuǎn)折后半句是非常重要的內(nèi)容,同時(shí)也是非常重要的出題點(diǎn)。
大家在平時(shí)練習(xí)中,一定要注意后面的內(nèi)容在講什么。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?對(duì)比:while、whereas、on the other hand等
?轉(zhuǎn)折:but、although、nevertheless、however、on the contrary等
例如:(2019年12月四級(jí)真題)
However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars.
Q: What does Professor David Reay try to argue?
A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.
B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.
C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU.
D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.
首先,通過題干中的David Reay鎖定出題者考察的內(nèi)容。句首的however代表轉(zhuǎn)折,因此后面的內(nèi)容需要重點(diǎn)閱讀。
碳管理教授David Reay認(rèn)為,雖然微波使用大量能源,但與汽車相比,它們的排放量很小。因此,汽車的排放量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過微波爐,也就是A選項(xiàng)“There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves”內(nèi)容的同義替換,因此選擇A。
例2:(2019年6月四級(jí)真題)
James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutrition and healthcare. "An individual's genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays e less key role," he added.
Q: What does James Bentham say about genetics in the increase of people's height?
A) It counts less than generally thought.
B) It outweighs nutrition and healthcare.
C) It impacts more on an individual than on a population.
D) It plays a more significant role in females than in males.
首先,通過人名James Bentham定位到本段。接著,文中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折類信號(hào)詞but,因此,but后的內(nèi)容為重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的內(nèi)容。
一個(gè)人的基因?qū)λ纳砀哂泻艽蟮挠绊懀绻銓?duì)整個(gè)人群平均身高,基因起的作用就不那么重要了??偨Y(jié)而言就是個(gè)體的作用要比群體的作用大。因此,選項(xiàng)C“It impacts more on an individual than on a population”為正確選項(xiàng)。
02 舉例處
在四六級(jí)閱讀文章中,我們總是能看到作者對(duì)某事進(jìn)行論述說明,為了更好地表明自己的觀點(diǎn),通常會(huì)采取舉例的方法證明。同樣地,當(dāng)我們?cè)诳吹轿闹杏信e例內(nèi)容時(shí),一定要細(xì)讀細(xì)品,因?yàn)檫@是出題人最愛設(shè)置問題的地方。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?as、such as、 for example、 for instance、 take…as an example等
例如:(2019年12月四級(jí)真題)
A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. "It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors, who also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances more efficiently. For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food."
Q: What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?
A) Cooking food of dfferent varieties.
B) Improving microwave users' habits.
C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.
D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.
根據(jù)題目中的for example,后面的內(nèi)容就是對(duì)前面的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行舉例解釋。因此,需要對(duì)for example前后的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)閱讀。
文中表明,根據(jù)同一項(xiàng)研究,減少消費(fèi)的努力應(yīng)集中于提高消費(fèi)者更有效地使用電器的意識(shí)和行為。例如,微波爐的耗電量可以根據(jù)食物的種類調(diào)整烹調(diào)時(shí)間來減少。因此,選項(xiàng)B中的“Improving microwave users' habits(改善使用微波爐的習(xí)慣)”為文中的替換內(nèi)容,故選擇B。
03 數(shù)字年代處
不管是四六級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀還是短篇閱讀,數(shù)字年代都是需要我們注意的地方。因?yàn)閿?shù)字年代附近可能就是某件事/某人發(fā)生某事的重要內(nèi)容,對(duì)文章內(nèi)容也有重要的意義。因此,當(dāng)看到文本中有數(shù)字年代時(shí),一定要多加注意,這是很多閱讀題中的出題點(diǎn)。
例:(2019年12月四級(jí)真題)
Philadelphil's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.
Q: What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?
A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.
B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow suit.
C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.
D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.
文中有2014年這樣明顯的信號(hào)詞,因此,需要考生在本段in 2014前后尋找答案。
通過題干中“newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia”可定位至此段。文中內(nèi)容表明,費(fèi)城市議會(huì)以13比4的投票通過了這項(xiàng)新措施。它為全國的類似舉措樹立了新的標(biāo)桿。這證明了對(duì)含糖飲料征稅可以在超級(jí)自由主義地區(qū)之外贏得大量支持。
因此,B選項(xiàng)“ It may encourage other US cities to fllow suit.(這可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)其他美國城市效仿)”與原文意義相符。故其為正確選項(xiàng)。
04 因果關(guān)系處
與對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折相似,因果關(guān)系也是表明兩件事的邏輯關(guān)系。不管是從原因推到結(jié)果,還是從結(jié)果推斷原因,都是四六級(jí)閱讀必考的考點(diǎn)之一。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?因:because、because of、for、as、since、in that、on account of、with
?果:so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly
因果關(guān)系除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的顯性因果表達(dá)詞外,隱性的因果同樣是不可忽略的一個(gè)重要部分。
隱性因果:
?導(dǎo)致(因-果):cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce
?由…而來(果-因):result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to
?反映,體現(xiàn)(果-因):reflect、present、demonstrate、suggest、imply
?考慮到:given、considering、in view of、thanks to、according to
?依賴于:rely on、depend on、resort to
?條件關(guān)系:when、once、as soon as、as long as
?分詞短語,不定式做狀語
例如:(2019年12月六級(jí)真題)
Psychologists have documented children lying as early as the age of two. Some experts even consider lying a developmental milestone, like crawling and walking, because it requires sophisticated planning, attention and the ability to see a situation from someone else's perspective to manipulate them.
Q: Why do some experts consider lying a milestone in a child's development?
A) It shows they have the ability to view complex situations from different angles.
B) It indicates they have an ability more remarkable than crawling and walking.
C) It represents their ability to actively interact with people around them.
D) It involves the coordination of both their mental and physical abilities.
從文中because便可得知because之前的內(nèi)容是because后的結(jié)果,也就是我們說的從結(jié)果推導(dǎo)出原因,因此本句需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。
心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)記錄了兒童早在兩歲時(shí)就會(huì)撒謊。一些專家甚至認(rèn)為躺著是一個(gè)發(fā)育的里程碑,就像爬行和行走一樣,因?yàn)樗枰獜?fù)雜的計(jì)劃、注意力,以及從別人的角度看問題并操縱他們的能力。因此,一些專家認(rèn)為說謊是兒童發(fā)展的一個(gè)里程碑,這表明他們擁有比爬行和行走更非凡的能力。B選項(xiàng)與原文吻合,故為正確答案。
05 主題句處
主題句通常位于首段第一句或者末句,或是最后一段結(jié)尾處,主要表明本文的主要內(nèi)容。出題人一般會(huì)通過主題句設(shè)置問題,以此考察考生是否完全理解該篇文章的主要內(nèi)容。
主題句的特點(diǎn)是:語義完整、形式簡(jiǎn)潔、觀點(diǎn)明確。
在演繹類的文章中,語篇主題句一般位于篇章的開頭部分;
在歸納類文章中,主題句多出現(xiàn)在段末或篇末;不過主題句有時(shí)也出現(xiàn)在文章中間部分。找到了主題句,就等于找到了此類題的答案。
例如:(2018年12月四級(jí)真題)
PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing ones with lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers demand healthier options and regulatory pressure intensifies amid an obesity epidemic(流行病).
Q: Why is PepsiCo making a policy change?
A) To win support from the federal government.
B) To be more competitive in the global market.
C) To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.
D) To invest more wisely in the soft drink industry.
從題干中PepsiCo可定位到本段。該段為文章首段,大致講述了百事公司(PepsiCo)將斥資數(shù)十億美元開發(fā)飲料和零食,并將現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品的配方調(diào)整為低糖、低鹽和低脂肪,因?yàn)橄M(fèi)者要求選擇更健康的產(chǎn)品,而肥胖流行導(dǎo)致監(jiān)管壓力加大。因此,百事公司要改變的政策就是滿足人們對(duì)健康食品日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。因此,本題選C。
06 定義結(jié)論處
四六級(jí)閱讀話題廣泛,因此,在面對(duì)某些陌生的名詞或者概念時(shí),作者通常都會(huì)對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋,亦或者文章中會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些調(diào)查或?qū)嶒?yàn),而這些調(diào)查、實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果、結(jié)論,這些在文章中也是非常重要的內(nèi)容。為了了解考生是否完全理解某概念時(shí),出題人通常會(huì)在定義結(jié)論處設(shè)置問題。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?find、show、reveal、conclude、suggest、indicate、demonstrate等動(dòng)詞引出的賓語從句以及thus等表示結(jié)論的詞語
例如:(2019年12月六級(jí)真題)
Extremal conditions also matter in terms of when and how often we lie. We are more likely to lie, research shows, when we are able to rationalise it, when we are stressed and fatigued or see others being dishonest.
Q:Under what circumstances do people tend to lie?
A) When they become too emotional.
B) When they face too much peer pressure.
C) When the temptation is too strong.
D) When the consequences are not imminent.
文中的show是關(guān)鍵信號(hào)詞,因此本句需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。
研究表明,當(dāng)我們能夠?qū)⒅e言合理化時(shí),當(dāng)我們感到壓力和疲勞時(shí),或看到別人不誠實(shí)時(shí),我們更有可能撒謊。因此,選項(xiàng)B“When they face too much peer pressure(當(dāng)他們面對(duì)太多的同伴壓力時(shí))”是句子“when we are stressed and fatigued ”的同義替換。故選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。
07 列舉并列處
在四六級(jí)閱讀中,列舉并列處是設(shè)置事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的主要出處,當(dāng)作者準(zhǔn)備陳述某觀點(diǎn)時(shí),通常會(huì)用not only...but also...來進(jìn)行描述。這些表順承關(guān)系或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞語列舉出的事實(shí)會(huì)更有可信度。
但是,出題人可能會(huì)通過正面出題或者反面出題來誤導(dǎo)考生作答。因此,在做題的過程中,一定要看清楚出題人的意思。若為正面出題,則與原文內(nèi)容相同的選項(xiàng)為正確答案;若題干為反面設(shè)題,則與原文意思相反的選項(xiàng)為此題的正確答案。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?first(ly)…、second(ly)…、third(ly)…、finally…、not only…but also…、also、in addition、furthermore、moreover、above all、on the one hand…, on the other hand…等
例如:(2019年6月六級(jí)真題)
The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.
Q: What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?
A) They are much influenced by the academic community.
B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.
C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.
D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.
該段講到,并非只有學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)人工智能的潛在危險(xiǎn)和潛在好處提出了警告??萍夹袠I(yè)的一些先驅(qū),其中最著名的是企業(yè)家埃隆·馬斯克(Elon Musk),也表達(dá)了他們對(duì)超級(jí)智能人工智能可能對(duì)人類造成損害的擔(dān)憂。因此,一些來自科技行業(yè)的企業(yè)家和學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)人工智能有著同樣的擔(dān)憂。選項(xiàng)C與文章內(nèi)容吻合,故選C。
08 比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)處
在某些四六級(jí)真題中,我們可以看到作者通過對(duì)兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的東西進(jìn)行比較,從而說明自己的觀點(diǎn)。這也是常見的出題點(diǎn)之一。大家在看到文章中有比較級(jí)或者最高級(jí)(最高級(jí)考察最多)時(shí),一定要多加注意。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?than、A is more than B、形容詞副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)
例如:(2019年6月四級(jí)真題)
A little extra height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. "Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy," he said. "This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular (心血管的)disease among taller people."
Q: What does Elio Riboli say about taller people?
A) They tend to live longer.
B) They enjoy an easier life.
C) They generally risk fewer fatal diseases.
D) They have greater expectations in life.
通過文中的Elio Riboli和Being taller定位到本段。文本中的“Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy”有比較級(jí)Being taller和longer life expectancy,因此需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注本句。本句大致意思為,越高的人壽命越長(zhǎng)。因此,選項(xiàng)A中“They tend to live longer(他們往往更長(zhǎng)壽。)”為該句的同義替換,故選A。
09 指代處
四六級(jí)閱讀中,由于作者之前已經(jīng)提到某事/某人/某物(通常為某事),因此在后文會(huì)用it、this等代詞進(jìn)行指代。出題人為了了解考生是否明白作者具體指代了什么,會(huì)設(shè)置相關(guān)的問題。
因此,當(dāng)看到作者論述完某件事后用this來指代時(shí),一定要明白這個(gè)代詞具體指代的內(nèi)容才可。此外,由于一篇文章中可能有多個(gè)指代,指代關(guān)系往往不容易區(qū)分,這也是四六級(jí)閱讀中??记译y度較大的題目。
常見信號(hào)詞:
?it、he、she、they、that、this、those、one、ones、so等
例如:(2019年6月六級(jí)真題)
Rodriguez says it's important that residents here don't feel like he's selling them something. "I've had more feedback in a passive approach," he says. "Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch," all work better "than going through a survey of question. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I'm not selling them something—there'll be more honest feedback from them."
Q: What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?
A) Winning trust from prospective customers.
B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.
C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.
D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.
由原文可知,文章內(nèi)的he代指Rodriguez。Rodriguez認(rèn)為,當(dāng)他們了解我并信任我,確信我不會(huì)賣給他們什么東西時(shí),他們就會(huì)有更誠實(shí)的反饋。因此,Rodriguez覺得贏得潛在客戶的信任后才能更好地售賣產(chǎn)品,這個(gè)是非常重要的。選項(xiàng)A與原文吻合,故A為正確答案。
10 特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)處
特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)處,尤其是段首的特殊符號(hào)所引出的內(nèi)容往往表達(dá)了作者的觀點(diǎn),表明了全文的主題,因此也成為主旨大意題的高發(fā)命題點(diǎn)。因此在解答這類題時(shí),一定要特別注意對(duì)特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)所引出內(nèi)容的把握。
常見信號(hào)詞:
(1) 破折號(hào)(表解釋);
(2) 括號(hào) (表解釋);
(3) 冒號(hào) (表解釋);
(4) 引號(hào) (表引用或有其他特殊含義);
(5) 分號(hào) (表進(jìn)一步的解釋說明) 等。
例如:(2018年6月四級(jí)真題)
A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的) generation—has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been—or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe that women are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it's easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their careers.
Q: What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?
A.They can get ahead only by striving harder.
B.They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.
C.They are generally quite optimistic about their future.
D.They are better educated than their male counterparts.
本段為文章首段,并且文章中有幾處破折號(hào),因此需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“Millennial women”可定位到本段。首段第二句講到,在她們職業(yè)生涯的起跑線上,她們比她們的母親和祖母受過更好的教育,或者比她們現(xiàn)在的年輕男性同行受過更好的教育。因此,她們比同齡的男性受教育程度更高。這也是選項(xiàng)D的意思。
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