練習(xí)題：?

1?How?many?members?are?there?in?the?House?of?Commons?

A 650
B 524
C 72
D 651

2?Which?of?the?following?people?didn’t?use?to?be?the?British?Prime?Minister?

A Margaret Thatcher
B Winston Churchill
C Horatio Nelson
D John Major

3?By?tradition,?the?leader?of?the?majority?party?is?appointed?_____?by?the?Sovereign?in?the?United?Kingdom.

A Prime Minister
B Member of Parliament
C Lord of appeal
D Speaker of the House

4?The?Tories?were?the?forerunners?of?_____,?which?still?bears?this?nickname?today.

A the Labour Party
B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party
D the Social Democratic Party

5?In?the?United?Kingdom,?the?party?which?wins?the?____?number?of?seats?in?the?House?of?Commons?becomes?the?official?Opposition.

A largest
B second largest
C third largest
D fourth largest

6?The?term?“British?disease”?is?now?often?used?to?characterize?Britain’s?_____?decline.

A political
B educational
C military
D economic

7?The?1980s?was?remembered?as?the?decade?of?_____.

A globalization
B nationalization
C privatization
D competition

8?Today,?in?Britain,?______?is?called?a?“sick”?industry.

A coal mining
B iron and steel
C textiles
D shipbuilding

9?The?first?steam?engine?was?devised?by?Thomas?Newcomer?at?the?end?of?the?17th?century,?and?the?Scottish?inventor?____?modified?and?improved?the?design?in?1765.

A　Abraham Darby
B James Watt
C John Kay
D Richard Arkwrightthe

10?_____?created?the?industrial?working?class,?the?proletariat,?and?it?later?led?to?trade?unionism.

A The Chartist Movement
B The Industrial Revolution
C The French Revolution
D The Glorious Revolution

答案（反白可見）

1?D,?下議院共有651名議員。

2?C,?撒切爾夫人，丘吉爾和梅杰都曾經(jīng)做過英國首相；而納爾遜（1758-1805），英國海軍統(tǒng)帥，因作戰(zhàn)負(fù)傷，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海艦隊(duì)司令，在特法爾加角海戰(zhàn)中大敗西班牙聯(lián)合艦隊(duì)，本人受重傷陣亡，號(hào)稱?Viscount?Nelson。

3?A,?在英國，按照傳統(tǒng)，多數(shù)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人由君主任命為首相，首相從本黨內(nèi)部挑選一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人擔(dān)任各部部長職位。

4?B,?托利黨是英國保守黨的前身。

5?B,?在英國，在下議院中贏得第二席位的政黨為反對(duì)黨，它也有它自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和影子內(nèi)閣（shadow?cabinet）。

6?D,?現(xiàn)在“英國病”這一術(shù)語經(jīng)常用來指英國經(jīng)濟(jì)上的衰退。

7?C,?正如20世紀(jì)40年代被看作是國有化的時(shí)代一樣，20世紀(jì)80年代被看作是私有化的時(shí)代。包括英國石油、航空、鋼鐵、電訊在內(nèi)的幾乎40%?的國有公司實(shí)現(xiàn)了私有化。

8?A,?英國煤礦業(yè)被稱為生病工業(yè)。英國的煤產(chǎn)量在一戰(zhàn)前達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，如今的英國的煤礦業(yè)衰退，從而導(dǎo)致礦工的數(shù)量、煤礦的總產(chǎn)量大大下降。

9?B,?第一臺(tái)蒸汽機(jī)是?Thomas?Newcomer?在17世紀(jì)末設(shè)計(jì)的，后來蘇格蘭發(fā)明家瓦特在1765年對(duì)原有的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)提高，生產(chǎn)出了第一臺(tái)高效的蒸汽機(jī)并應(yīng)用到紡織和其他機(jī)械業(yè)中。

10?B,?工業(yè)革命產(chǎn)生了工人階級(jí)，即無產(chǎn)階級(jí)。后來形成了工會(huì)制度。

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