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具體如下：

現(xiàn)象闡釋法
現(xiàn)象闡釋法指的是直接就題目進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單描述，給出自己的理解。這是現(xiàn)象解釋型和問(wèn)題解決型作文最常用的一種方法。

現(xiàn)象闡釋法的結(jié)構(gòu)素材主要分為兩種：

描述現(xiàn)象/圖片


描述現(xiàn)象：

1. Recently, the rise in the problem of ______ has aroused public/wide concern.

近來(lái)， ______問(wèn)題的增加已經(jīng)引起了公眾/廣泛的關(guān)注。

2. Recently, the issue of ?______ has been brought into focus/brought to public attention.?

近來(lái)， ______問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。

3. The problem of ?______ has caused wide concern over recent years.

近年來(lái)， ______問(wèn)題已經(jīng)引起了廣泛的關(guān)注。

4. With the rapid growth of ______ , ?______ ?have/has become increasingly important in our daily life.

隨著 ______的快速增長(zhǎng)， ______在我們的日常生活中已經(jīng)變得越來(lái)越重要。

5. Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to ______ .

如今，人們?cè)絹?lái)越意識(shí)到 ______的必要性。

6. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/be aware that ______.?

如今，越來(lái)越多的人開始意識(shí)到 ______。

7. After a good many years of enthusiasm for ______ , people begin to ______ .

熱衷于 ______多年之后，人們開始 ______。

8. One of the burning/pressing questions/problems facing/confronting our nation/society today is ______ .?

我們的國(guó)家/社會(huì)今天面臨的緊迫問(wèn)題之一是 ______。

9. With ?______ playing an increasingly important role in ______ , more and more ______ .?

隨著在 ______中的作用日益重要，越來(lái)越多的 ______。?

10. Whenever you see/find ______ , you can't help being shocked/surprised at ______ .?

每當(dāng)看到/發(fā)現(xiàn) ______的時(shí)候，你會(huì)不禁為 ______感到震驚/驚訝。

?

描述圖表：

11. As the bar chart shows, the number of ?______ has dramatically increased/decreased during the ?______ years from ______ to ?______.?

如柱狀圖所示， ______的數(shù)量從 ______年到 ______年 ______年之間急劇增加/減少。

12. From the graph, we know the statistics of ?______ and ______ . It can be seen easily that ?______.

從圖表中我們可知 ______和 ______的數(shù)據(jù)。我們可以很容易地看出 ______。

13. From the bar chart, it is clear that between ? ______and ______ ?the amount of ?ranged from ? ______to ______ .?

從柱狀圖中可以清楚地看到，從 ______到 ______， ______的數(shù)量在 ______到 ______之間變化。

14. As the bar chart shows, great changes concerning ?______ took place between ?______ and ______ .

柱狀圖表明，從 ______到 ______， ______發(fā)生了很大的變化。?

15. As can be seen in the graph, ? ______ saw great changes in ______ between ?______ and ______ .

從圖表可知，在 ______到 ______之間， ______發(fā)生了巨大變化。?

描述漫畫：

16. The cartoon vividly depicts ______. ?

這幅漫畫生動(dòng)地描述了 ______。

17. As is described in the picture, ______ .?

如圖中所描述的， ______。?

18. As is vividly indicated in the above drawing/picture, ?______ .

如上圖生動(dòng)地描述的那樣，______。

19. The drawing, thought-provoking as it is, does mirror a social phenomenon that ______ .?

這幅發(fā)人深省的圖畫的確反映了這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象：______。

20. In the cartoon presented to us, ?______. Obviously, what the cartoon ?illustrates/reveals is ______ .

在展現(xiàn)給我們的圖片中， ______。顯然，該圖片說(shuō)明/揭示的是 ______。

21. As is symbolically depicted in the drawing above, ?______. Although the drawing is designed simply, it does reveal that ______ .

正如上圖象征性地描繪的一樣， ______。雖然該圖很簡(jiǎn)單，它確實(shí)反映了 ______。

22. As is vividly illustrated in the cartoon, ?______ . The central point of this cartoon is that ______.?

正如漫畫中生動(dòng)展示的， ______。該漫畫的主旨是 ______。


引出觀點(diǎn)


1. This picture demonstrates one of the basic theories of philosophy:______ .

這幅圖片展現(xiàn)了哲學(xué)的一個(gè)基本理論：______。

2. Such a picture draws attention to the fact that______ .

這樣一種畫面吸引我們注意到這樣的現(xiàn)實(shí)：______。

3. The purpose of the drawing is to show us that ______.

這幅畫是為了向我們展示______。

4. The painter reminds us of a common social phenomenon: ______.

畫的作者提醒了我們一個(gè)普遍的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象：______。


觀點(diǎn)引入法

引出觀點(diǎn)

引入法是觀點(diǎn)論證型作文常用的一種方法。該方法開門見(jiàn)山地提出主題，并逐漸引出個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。觀點(diǎn)引入法常用素材有：

1. “______” is a proverb full of logic, which has been generally accepted.

“______”是一個(gè)非常有道理的諺語(yǔ)，被人們普遍接受。

2. As the old saying goes, “ ______.” It tells us that ______.

古語(yǔ)道：“______?！痹撝V語(yǔ)告訴我們______。

3. When it comes to ______ , some think/hold/believe that ______. Others argue that the opposite is true.?

當(dāng)提及______時(shí)，有人認(rèn)為______。其他人則認(rèn)為事實(shí)恰好相反。?

4. There is a public/general debate/discussion today/nowadays on/over/as to the problem/issue of ______.?

如今，有一場(chǎng)關(guān)于______問(wèn)題公開的/普遍的爭(zhēng)論/討論。?

5. When asked whether it is advisable to ______, different people have different things to say.?

關(guān)于______是否明智這個(gè)問(wèn)題，不同的人有不同的看法。?

6. People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person.

關(guān)于______，人們的觀點(diǎn)因人而異。

7. Some people propose such a question:______ .?

許多人提出這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題：______。

8. Different people hold different views about______ .

對(duì)于______，不同的人有不同的看法。

9. Faced with______ , quite a few people think that______ , but others conceive of it differently.?

面對(duì)______，許多人認(rèn)為______，但是其他人則持有不同的觀點(diǎn)。


引出觀點(diǎn)中的道理


1. It tells us that ______.

它告訴我們______。?

2. It reminds us that ______.?

它提醒我們______。

3. It means that ______.?

它意味著______。

4. This proverb reflects ______.?

該諺語(yǔ)反映了______。

5. The truth of this saying is ______.?

這句話的真相是______。

6. Personally, I stand on the side of ______.?

就個(gè)人而言，我支持______。?

7. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the opinion that ______.

就我而言，我贊同______的觀點(diǎn)。

8. I agree that priority should be given to ______.?

我贊同______具有優(yōu)先權(quán)的觀點(diǎn)。


問(wèn)題引入法

問(wèn)題引入法是觀點(diǎn)論證型和現(xiàn)象解釋型作文最常用的一種方法。本方法以問(wèn)句開篇，更引人入勝。問(wèn)題引入法常用素材如下：


1. We are often shown/told these days that ______. But is this really the case?

近來(lái)我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)說(shuō)______。但情況真的如此嗎？

2. In recent years, there is a general tendency to ______. According to a study______, ?last year. Why ______?

近年來(lái)，有一個(gè)______的總體趨勢(shì)。根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，去年______。為什么______？

3. These days we are often told that ______. But is that true?

最近，我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)說(shuō)______。但是，那是真的嗎？

4. These days we often hear about ______. But is this really the case?

最近，我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)說(shuō)______。但是，事實(shí)真是如此嗎？

5. “Why do______ ?” Many people often ask questions like this?

“為什么______?”許多人經(jīng)常問(wèn)這樣的問(wèn)題。

6. Should ______? Opinions of/Attitudes toward ______ vary widely from person to person.?

應(yīng)該這樣嗎？不同的人對(duì)______有不同的觀點(diǎn)。

7. What do you think of ______? Your answer to the question will reflect ______.

你怎么看______? 你對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案會(huì)反映______。

8. “Why ______?” Of all the questions/complaints I have heard, this is the one most frequently voiced.

“為什么______?”在我聽(tīng)到的所有問(wèn)題/抱怨中，這是最經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到的一個(gè)。

9. When asked about______ , the overwhelming majority of/many people say/think/believe/answer that ______. But ______.

當(dāng)被問(wèn)及______時(shí)，大多數(shù)/許多人認(rèn)為/回答______。但是______。

10. Nowadays, it is commonly/widely/generally believed/thought/held that ______, but I wonder/doubt that ______.

如今，人們普遍認(rèn)為______。但是我懷疑______。


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