在語(yǔ)法里，時(shí)或時(shí)態(tài)表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間和說(shuō)話時(shí)的關(guān)系。在英語(yǔ)考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到時(shí)態(tài)題。下面是小編給大家分享的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，大家可以作為學(xué)習(xí)的參考。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)習(xí)題

1. Excuse me. I ______ I was blocking your way.

A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing

解析：答案選 A。該句的談話背景是：一個(gè)人擋住了另一個(gè)人的路，于是他說(shuō)“對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我擋了你的路”。顯然，當(dāng)這個(gè)人說(shuō)“對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到……”的時(shí)候，顯然他說(shuō)話的時(shí)候是“意識(shí)到了”，也就是說(shuō)“沒(méi)有意識(shí)到”在他道歉的時(shí)候已屬過(guò)去了，故要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

2. In 1492, Columbus ______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.

A. lands B. landed C. has landed D. had landed

解析：答案選 B。根據(jù)句中的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 1947可知，句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意為：1492年，哥倫布登上了巴哈馬群島，但他誤以為那是印度的島嶼。

3. — Bob has gone to California.

—Oh, can you tell me when he ______?

A. had left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave

解析：答案選 B。根據(jù)上文中的has gone to(已經(jīng)到……去了)可知，鮑勃的離開(kāi)發(fā)生在過(guò)去(因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)離開(kāi)了)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。又如：

It happened in the first century AD. 這事發(fā)生在公元一世紀(jì)。

She had an accident on her way home. 她在回家的途中發(fā)生事故。

過(guò)去完成時(shí)習(xí)題：

1. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ______ it. Was it you?

A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do

分析：B。根據(jù)句意可知，“有人給玫瑰剪枝”發(fā)生在“我去給玫瑰剪枝”之前，而“我去給玫瑰剪枝”用的是I was just going to cut my rose…這樣的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故“有人給玫瑰剪枝”發(fā)生在這一過(guò)去時(shí)間之前，也就是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

2. —Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

—We ______ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.

A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be

分析：C。根據(jù)句意可知，“很忙”在“去海邊放松”之前，而“去海邊放松”用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)went，所以“很忙”應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)had been。

3. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ______ from China.

A. receive B. are receiving C. have received D. had received

分析：D。本句意為：上個(gè)月，日本政府表達(dá)了他們從中國(guó)得到的援助。從時(shí)間上看，應(yīng)該是先得到援助，然后才表示感謝，由于“表達(dá)”用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)(expressed)，所以“得到援助”就應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had received)。又如：

He was conscious that he had annoyed his boss. 他意識(shí)到他惹煩了上司。

Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize. 盡管他參加這次競(jìng)賽只不過(guò)是鬧著玩兒而已，卻贏得了頭獎(jiǎng)。

過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法：

1. 構(gòu)成

助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。

2. 基本用法

過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)(“已完成”)。句中常用by , before , until , when 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：

Yesterday he told me that he hadn’t eaten anything since Tuesday. 他昨天告訴我自星期二以來(lái)他一直未吃任何東西。(指從星期二至昨天未吃東西)

I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We hadn’t seen each other since we left Paris. 上周星期天我見(jiàn)到史密斯先生了，自從離開(kāi)巴黎后我們還一直沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)面。

By the end of the year no decision had been made. 到年底也沒(méi)有做出任何決定。

He had left when I arrived. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)。

英語(yǔ)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：

1. was / were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形：該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個(gè)主要用法，一是表示過(guò)去的打算，二是表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。如：

I thought it was going to rain. 我想要下雨了。

I was going to leave when he came in. 他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)我正要離開(kāi)。

2. was / were to + 動(dòng)詞原形：主要表示過(guò)去按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情。如：

He asked where he was to put it. 他問(wèn)他該把它放在哪里。

She said she was to get married next month. 她說(shuō)她計(jì)劃在下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。

3. was / were about to + 動(dòng)詞原形：表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，由于本身已含有“即將”的意味，所以不再表示具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：

I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 電話鈴響時(shí)我正好要上床睡。

I couldn’t go to Tom’s party as I was about to go into hospital. 我就要住院，所以不能參加湯姆辦的晚會(huì)了。

以上就是小編給大家分享的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，希望可以給大家學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)幫助。