英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)考試的難度很大，但是含金量很高，想要順利的通過(guò)專八考試，多做一些模擬題是很有必要的。今天我們?yōu)榇蠹艺砹舜髮W(xué)生英語(yǔ)專八考試全真模擬試題，一起來(lái)看一下吧。

The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society’s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one’s life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society.

In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, right, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices.

He now can obtain a driver’s license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.

習(xí)題

1. The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because ________.

[A] the definition of maturity has changed

[B] the industrialized society is more developed

[C] more education is provided and laws against child labor are made

[D] ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance

2. Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to ________.

[A] graduations from schools and colleges

[B] social recognition

[C] socio-economic status

[D] certain behavioral changes

3. No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is ________.

[A] eleven years old

[B] sixteen years old

[C] twenty-one years old

[D] between twelve and twenty-one years old

4. Starting from 22, ________.

[A] one will obtain more basic rights

[B] the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will have

[C] one won’t get more basic rights than when he is 21

[D] one will enjoy more rights granted by society

5. According to the passage, it is true that ________.

[A] in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed

[B] no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-one

[C] one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a driver’s license

[D] one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can join the army

全文翻譯

青春期，也就是童年與成年之間的這段時(shí)期，可長(zhǎng)可短。其長(zhǎng)短取決于社會(huì)期望值和社會(huì)對(duì)成熟和成年的定義。原始社會(huì)中，青春期通常是相當(dāng)短的一段時(shí)期。而在工業(yè)化社會(huì)里，由于人們接受教育時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)以及反童工法的制定，青春期要長(zhǎng)很多，它包含了人生中第二個(gè)十年(十歲到二十歲)的大部分時(shí)間。另外，在某一社會(huì)中，青春期的長(zhǎng)度和成年地位的定義可能會(huì)隨社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的改變而改變。這種變化譬如：19世紀(jì)后期，美國(guó)乃至所有由農(nóng)業(yè)化走向工業(yè)化的國(guó)家里不再存在青春期和成年期的界限。

現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，青春期的各種儀式已不被正式認(rèn)可，也不再具有象征意義，人們對(duì)其“開(kāi)始儀式”也不再有統(tǒng)一的認(rèn)識(shí)。社會(huì)儀式已經(jīng)被一系列的“階段”所取代，這些“階段”將使人得到更多的認(rèn)可和更高的社會(huì)地位。例如，小學(xué)畢業(yè)，中學(xué)畢業(yè)，大學(xué)畢業(yè)就形成了這樣一個(gè)系列。每一個(gè)“階段”都意味著某些行為變化和一定的社會(huì)認(rèn)可度，其意義大小則取決于個(gè)人的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位和受教育的目標(biāo)。青春期的各種儀式也已經(jīng)被法律意義上的地位、權(quán)利、特權(quán)、和責(zé)任所取代。從12歲生日起到21歲生日這九年之間，逐漸去除了兒童時(shí)代受到的保護(hù)和限制和較低的社會(huì)地位，同時(shí)又逐漸被賦予成年人的權(quán)利和責(zé)任。人到了12歲就不再被看作孩子，乘火車、飛機(jī)、或去劇院、電影院時(shí)必須買全票?；旧峡梢赃@樣說(shuō)，這一年齡的個(gè)人失去了兒童的特權(quán)，卻沒(méi)有得到明顯的成年人權(quán)利。16歲的青少年會(huì)得到某些成人的權(quán)利，通過(guò)得到更多的自由和選擇而提高社會(huì)地位。他可以獲得駕照;可以離開(kāi)公立學(xué)校;可以不再受童工法的限制。18歲時(shí)，他可以得到法律認(rèn)可的成人權(quán)利和義務(wù);可以參軍，可以在不得到父母的允許的情況下結(jié)婚。21歲時(shí)，他會(huì)得到成年人完全的`法律權(quán)利。他可以投票，可以買酒，可以簽署商業(yè)合同，可以有權(quán)競(jìng)選公職。進(jìn)入成年?duì)顟B(tài)后，就不再因?yàn)槟挲g的增長(zhǎng)而享受到更多的權(quán)利。所有法律條款都沒(méi)有決定到底什么年齡算是進(jìn)入成年，但它們的確表明青春期延長(zhǎng)了。

重點(diǎn)句

The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society’s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one’s life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change.

該句意義：

該段落通過(guò)下定義和作比較的方法，對(duì)于青春期做出了相關(guān)的說(shuō)明。這種方法我們可以將青春期這種時(shí)間可以轉(zhuǎn)化為其他的時(shí)間，即可以直接應(yīng)用于寫作之中。

該句語(yǔ)法：

(1)英語(yǔ)縮略語(yǔ)：“ i.e.”其為拉丁語(yǔ)“id est“的縮寫。其意義為：也就是;即。

(2)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)： depending on social expectations and on society’s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. 可翻譯為：取決于……

(3)賓語(yǔ)從句：to what constitutes maturity and adulthood.

習(xí)題答案

答案:CACCA

1. The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because_______.

1. 工業(yè)社會(huì)中的青春期變長(zhǎng)許多的原因是____。

[A] the definition of maturity has changed

[A] 成熟的定義發(fā)生了改變

[B] the industrialized society is more developed

[B] 工業(yè)化社會(huì)更加發(fā)達(dá)。

[C] more education is provided and laws against child labor are made

[C] 人們所受的教育增多以及反童工法的制定

[D] ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance

[D] 青春期的各種儀式已不再得到正式承認(rèn)，且失去了其象征意義。

2. Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to_________.

2. 先前用于標(biāo)志青春期的社會(huì)儀式已經(jīng)被________所取代。

[A] graduations from schools and colleges

[A] 從各類學(xué)校畢業(yè)

[B] social recognition

[B] 社會(huì)認(rèn)可

[C] socio-economic status

[C] 社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位

[D] certain behavioral changes

[D] 某些行為變化

3. No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is_______.

3. 若要享受完全的成年人特權(quán)，必須達(dá)到________。

[A] eleven years old

[A] 11歲

[B] sixteen years old

[B] 16歲

[C] twenty-one years old

[C] 21歲

[D] between twelve and twenty-one years old

[D]12到21歲之間。

4. Starting from 22, _______.

4. 從22歲開(kāi)始，_____________。

[A] one will obtain more basic rights

[A] 個(gè)人會(huì)得到更多的基本權(quán)利

[B] the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will have

[B] 一個(gè)人越老，擁有的基本權(quán)利越多

[C] one won’t get more basic rights than when he is 21

[C] 個(gè)人的基本權(quán)利將不會(huì)比21歲時(shí)有所增加。

[D] one will enjoy more rights granted by society

[D] 人們將享有社會(huì)賦予的更多的權(quán)利

5. According to the passage, it is true that___.

5. 根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，____________。

[A] in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed

[A] 19世紀(jì)晚期，美國(guó)已不再有青春期和成年期的劃分

[B] no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-one

[B] 直到21歲，人們才可以在不得到父母的情況下結(jié)婚

[C] one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a driver’s license

[C] 獲得駕照的人就可以算是成人了

[D] one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can join the army

[D] 直到參軍后才可以不受反童工法的限制

以上就是為大家整理的大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)專八考試全真模擬試題，希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭０丝荚嚨碾y度比較大，在做真題的時(shí)候要慎重，掌握考點(diǎn)和答題技巧，可以幫助大家順利的通過(guò)考試。