備考英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)作文的時(shí)候，單詞和短語(yǔ)是文章最基本的組成單位，用詞是否出彩在一定程度上決定了文章是否能得高分!要想用對(duì)詞，必須遵循以下原則。

1無(wú)重復(fù)原則

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在同一文章中反復(fù)使用同一個(gè)詞、詞組的情況，這就是我們通常所說(shuō)的重復(fù)。用詞重復(fù)主要表現(xiàn)在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞等實(shí)詞的重復(fù)上。例如：

名詞重復(fù)

Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.

動(dòng)詞重復(fù)

I like reading while my brother likes playing football.

形容詞重復(fù)

Mark Twain is famous for his short novels in America, and now he isalso becoming more and more famous with Chinese readers.

為避免用詞的重復(fù)，可采用以下方法：

省略

省略是避免重復(fù)最主要的手段。它可以節(jié)省詞語(yǔ)，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊，還可以有效避免名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞的重復(fù)。例如：

名詞省略

They are fine actors. Smith is the finest (actor) I’ve ever seen.

動(dòng)詞省略

Jack needn’t stay here， but George must (stay here).

形容詞省略

Robert seemed angry， and George certainly was (angry).

代詞代替

這種方法主要用于解決名詞的重復(fù)問(wèn)題。例如：

Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.

可改為：Catherine offered him moral help and also practical one.

再如：Can you repair this chair? I broke it yesterday.

同義詞、反義詞、派生詞轉(zhuǎn)換

名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞都適用這種方法。

名詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換

原句：The snow was heavy last night.

修改后： It snowed heavily last night.

動(dòng)詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換

原句：The runner couldn’t catch up with the others in the race.

修改后：The runner fell behind the others in the race.

形容詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換

原句：I am completely confident that I am competent for the new job.

修改后：I am completely confident that I am qualified for the new job.

2短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則

使用短語(yǔ)替換單詞具有兩大優(yōu)勢(shì)：

文章顯得更為地道，增加亮點(diǎn);

增加字?jǐn)?shù)。

例：

原句：When he was a child， he wanted to learn everything.

修改后：When he was a child， he had a strong appetite for knowledge.

與原句中的wanted to learn everything相比，修改后的例句中的had a strong appetite for knowledge更能表現(xiàn)出“他”的求知若渴，表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)。

常見(jiàn)的單詞轉(zhuǎn)化成短語(yǔ)的方法有：

形容詞變短語(yǔ)方法：of+同根名詞

常見(jiàn)的形容詞及對(duì)應(yīng)短語(yǔ)有：

形容詞 短語(yǔ)

very important 非常重要的 of great importance

very difficult 非常困難的 of great difficulty

very difficult 非常困難的 of great difficulty

very beautiful 非常美麗的 of great beauty

very useful 非常有用的 of great use

very helpful 非常有幫助的 of great help

very harmful 非常有害的 of great harm

very valuable 非常有價(jià)值的 of great value

very significant 至關(guān)重要的 of great significance

very necessary 非常必要的 of great necessity

動(dòng)詞變短語(yǔ)方法：同義短語(yǔ)替換

常用的動(dòng)詞和對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)如下：

動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

stand 承受 put up with

consider 考慮 take...into consideration/account

exist 存在 come into existence/being

like 喜歡 be fond of, take delight in

support支持 be in favor of, approve of

think 想，認(rèn)為 harbor the idea that, hold the view that

explain 解釋 account for

agree 同意，贊成 approve of

conclude 得出結(jié)論 come to/draw a conclusion

remember 記住 bear/keep in mind

cause 引起 bring about

raise 提出 bring/put up, set forth

absorb采納，吸收 take in

cancel 取消 call off

eliminate 取消 completely get rid of

help 幫助 give a hand

delay 耽誤，耽擱 hold off

emphasize 重視 attach great importance to

replace 代替 take the place of

use 使用 make use of, take advantage of

know 知道 be aware of

3詞義具體化原則

所謂詞義具體化就是指寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中盡量避免使用意義寬泛、模糊的詞，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境使用具體、生動(dòng)的詞。

這些高分替換詞，一定要馬住!

低分詞 高分詞

good 好的 superb, brilliant, outstanding, awesome

bad 壞的 adverse, evil, terrible, horrible

old 老的 old-fashioned, outdated, antiquated, archaic

strange 陌生的 eccentric, peculiar, odd, weird

short 短的 transient, short-lived

forever 永遠(yuǎn) for good, perpetually

different 不同的 unique, distinctive, dissimilar

do 做 conduct, carry out, execute

see 看見(jiàn) witness, observe, spot, glimpse

increase 增加，提高 soar, escalate, double/triple

walk 走 wander, stride, sneak, creep

learn 學(xué)習(xí) acquire, review, master

get 取得 obtain, attain

help 幫助 assist, aid

mean 意思是 suggest, indicate, imply, symbolize

picture 圖畫(huà) drawing, painting, cartoon

big 大的 immense, enormous, tremendous

cause 引起 give rise to, trigger, result in, arouse

make 做 produce, create, develop

rich 豐富的 wealthy, affluent, ample

cheap 便宜的 economical, inexpensive, affordable

common 普遍的 widespread, prevalent

change 改變 transform, alter, modify

people 人 individuals, adolescents, adults

famous 著名的 renowned, celebrated, distinguished, prominent

think 想 suppose, claim, maintain, presume, assume

keep 保存 preserve, conserve

break 破壞 undermine, jeopardize, devastate

以上就是小編給大家整理的四六級(jí)備考內(nèi)容，希望可以給大家在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候帶來(lái)幫助。