歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題練習(xí)

對(duì)于要參加英語(yǔ)四級(jí)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，真題是必須要面對(duì)的，只有多加練習(xí)才能夠更好的應(yīng)對(duì)四級(jí)考試。今天我們?yōu)榇蠹艺砹藲v年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題練習(xí)，希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?/p>

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying" Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen." You can cite xamples to illustrate the importance of being participants rather than mere on lookers inlife. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Section A

Directions : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, Cand D,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

1.A.Children should be taught to be more careful.

B.Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice.

C.There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.

D.Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.

2.A.Fitness training.

B.The new job offer.

C.Computer programming.

D.Directorship of the club.

3.A.He needs to buy a new sweater.

B.He has got to save on fuel bills.

C.The fuel price has skyrocketed.

D.The heating system doesn't work.

4.A.Committing theft.

B.Taking pictures.

C.Window shopping.

D.Posing for the camera.

5.A.She is taking some medicine.

B.She has not seen a doctor yet.

C.She does not trust the man's advice.

D.She has almost recovered from the cough.

6.A.Pamela's report is not finished as scheduled.

B.Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.

C.Pamela is not good at writing research papers.

D.Pamela's mistakes could have been avoided.

7.A.In the left-luggage office.

B.At the hotel reception.

C.In a hotel room.

D.At an airport.

8.A.She was an excellent student at college.

B.She works in the entertainment business.

C.She is fond of telling stories in her speech.

D.She is good at conveying her message.

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9.A.Arranging the woman's appointment with Mr.Romero.

B.Fixing the time for the designer's latest fashion show.

C.Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.

D.Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.

10.A.Her travel to Japan.

B.The awards ceremony.

C.The proper hairstyle for her new role.

D.When to start the make-up session.

11.A.He is Mr.Romero's agent.

B.He is an entertainment journalist.

C.He is the woman's assistant.

D.He is a famous movie star.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12.A.Make an appointment for an interview.

B.Send in an application letter.

C.Fill in an application form.

D.Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.

13.A.Someone having a college degree in advertising.

B.Someone experienced in business management.

C.Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.

D.Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.

14.A.Travel opportunities.

B.Handsome pay.

C.Prospects for promotion.

D.Flexible working hours.

15.A.It depends on the working hours.

B.It is about 500 pounds a week.

C.It will be set by the Human Resources.

D.It is to be negotiated.

Section B

Directions..In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B,Cand D..Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16.A.To give customers a wider range of choices.

B.To make shoppers see as many items as possible.

C.To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.

D.To save space for more profitable products.

17.A.On the top shelves.

B.On the bottom shelves.

C.On easily accessible shelves.

D.On clearly marked shelves.

18.A.Many of them buy things on impulse.

B.A few of them are fathers with babies.

C.A majority of them are young couples.

D.Over 60% of them make shopping lists.

19.A.Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.

B.Sales assistants following customers around.

C.Customers competing for good bargains.

D.Customers losing all sense of time.

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20.A.Teaching mathematics at a school.

B.Doing research in an institute.

C.Studying for a college degree.

D.Working in a hi-tech company

21.A.He studied the designs of various clocks.

B.He did experiments on different materials.

C.He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.

D.He asked different people for their opinions.

22.A.Its automatic mechanism.

B.Its manufacturing process.

C.Its way of waking people up.

D.Its funny-looking pig face.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23.A.It is often caused by a change of circumstances.

B.It actually doesn't require any special treatment.

C.It usually appears all of a sudden.

D.It generally lasts for several years.

24.A.They cannot mix well with others.

B.They irrationally annoy their friends.

C.They depend heavily on family members.

D.They blame others for ignoring their needs.

25.A.They lack consistent support from peers.

B.They doubt their own popularity.

C.They were born psychologically weak.

D.They focus too much on themselves.Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and(26) in a file cabinet.It could remain there for years and, often(27), never reach the outside world.

Things have done a complete about-face since then.(28) the change has been the astonishingly(29) development in recent years of the computer.Today, any data that is 30 about us in one place or another--and for one reason or another--can be stored in a computer bank.It can then be easily passed to other computer banks.They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending 31 , direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and(32) at the local, state, and federal level.

A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening(33 )of their privacy.Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly (34), easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain.In 1970, a national survey showed that percent of the people(35)felt their privacy was being invaded.Seven years later, percent expressed the same worry.Arecent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to percent.

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given, in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Children do not think the way adults do.For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it's out of mind.If you cover a baby's(36)toy with a piece of cloth, the baby thinks the toyhas disappeared and stops looking for it.A 4-year-old may (37) that a sister has more fruit juicewhen it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ, not the(38)of juice.

Yet children are smart in their own way.Like good little scientists, children are always testing their child-sized(39) about how things work.When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her, and you say, "That's enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!"

the child will(40) test your claim.Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you(41); rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those(42)are important and sometimes they are not.

How and why does children's thinking change? In the 1920s, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children's cognitive (認(rèn)知的) abilities unfold (43), like the blooming of a flower,almost independent of what else is(44)in their lives.Although many of his specific conclusions havebeen(45) or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world.

A. advocate

B. amount

C. confirmed

D. crazy

E. definite

F. differences

G. favorite

H. happening

I. Immediately

J. Naturally

K. Obtaining

L. Primarily

M. Protest

N. Rejected

O. theories

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with, ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.

Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Perfect Essay

A.Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.Shecared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn't.Her expectations were high--impossibly so.She was an English teacher.She was also my mother.

B.When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page : "Flawless." This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade.Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14.Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread thegood news.I didn't get very far.The first person I told was my mother.

C.My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rareoccasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand.In any event,my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be.At the time,I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions (過(guò)渡), structure, style and voice.But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.

D.First off, it hurts.Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint (印記) on you as a person.I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally.I say that we should never listen to these people.

E. Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. Theintimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely,someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing.Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization.For me it took the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer'sblock--I was not able to produce anything for three years.

F. Franz Kafka once said: "Writing is utter solitude (獨(dú)處), the descent into the cold abyss (深淵) of oneself." My mother's criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective (內(nèi)省的) descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find.But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude.I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me."It is a thing of no great difficulty," according to Plutarch, "to raise objections against another man's speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome." I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother's guidance, but I can't recall them.What I remember, however, is how she took up the "extremely troublesome" work of ongoing criticism.

G. There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce "a better in its place." In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the 　　artist she critiques (評(píng)論).My mother was well covered on this count.But perhaps

Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero's claim that one should "criticize by creation, not by finding fault." Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on his own terms--a process that is often extremely painful,but also almost always meaningful.

H. My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself.For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could.Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any--the type I could have found on my own--I had to start from scratch.From scratch.Once the essay was "flawless," she would take an evening to walk me through myerrors.That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.

I. She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon (行話(huà)).She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech."Writers can't bluff (虛張聲勢(shì)) their way through ignorance." That was news to me--I would need to freed another way to structure my daily existence.

J. She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression."John," she almost whispered.I leaned in to hear her:"I can'thear you when you shout at me." So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writingimproved.

K. Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay.But perhaps I missed something important in my mother's lessons about creativity and perfection.Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish.Whitman repeatedly reworked "Song of Myself' between 1855 and 1891.Repeatedly.We do our absolute best with apiece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal.And, for the time being, we settle.Incritique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better.This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.

46.The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.

47.The author's mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.

48.A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.

49.Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can't produce anything.

50.The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as "flawless".

51.Criticizing someone's speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.

52.The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.

53.The criticism the author received from his mother changed him as a person.

54.The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.

55.Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, D .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?

It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn'treproduce it in most of the US either.What does it take to make a Silicon Valley?

It's the right people.If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from Silicon Valley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.

You only need two kinds of people to create a technology hub (中心) : rich people and nerds (癡迷科研的人).

Observation bears this out.Within the US, towns have become star,up hubs if and only if they have both rich people and nerds.Few startups happen in Miami, for example, because although it's full of rich people, it has few nerds.It's not the kind of place nerds like.

Whereas Pittsburgh has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people.The top US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, and Carnegie-Mellon.MITyielded Route 128.Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley.But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And what happened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list?

I grew up in Pittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both.The weather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there's no interesting old city to make up for it, as there is inBoston.Rich people don't want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there're plenty of hackers (電腦迷) who could start startups, there's no one to invest in them

Do you really need the rich people? Wouldn't it work to have the government invest in the nerds?

No, it would not.Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people.They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business.This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money.And the fact that they have a personal stake in the outcome makes them really pay attention.

56.What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?

A.Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.

B.It is the biggest technology hub in the US.

C.Its fame in high technology is incomparable.

D.It leads the world in information technology.

57.What makes Miami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?

A.Lack of incentive for investment.

B.Lack of the right kind of talents.

C.Lack of government support.

D.Lack of famous universities.

58.In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?

A.Its location is not as attractive to rich people.

B.Its science departments are not nearly as good.

C.It does not produce computer hackers and nerds.

D.It does not pay much attention to business startups.

59.What does the author imply about Boston?

A.It has pleasant weather all year round.

B.It produces wealth as well as high-tech.

C.It is not likely to attract lots of investors and nerds.

D.It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.

60.What does the author say about startup investors?

A.They are especially wise in making investments.

B.They have good connections in the government.

C.They can do more than providing money.

D.They are rich enough to invest in nerds.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

It's nice to have people of like mind around.Agreeable people boost your confidence and allow you to relax and feel comfortable.Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that can expandyour company and your career.

It's nice to have people agree, but you need conflicting perspectives to dig out the truth.If everyone around you has similar views, your work will suffer from confirmation bias (偏頗).

Take a look at your own network.Do your contacts share your point of view on most subjects? If yes, it's time to shake things up.As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in which people will freely 　　disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: From confrontation comes brilliance.

It's not easy for most people to actively seek conflict.Many spend their lives trying to avoidarguments.There's no need to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do some self-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking.You may need to start by encouraging your current network to help you identify your blind spots.

Passionate, energetic debate does not require anger and hard feelings to be effective.But it do esrequire moral strength. Once you have worthy opponents, set some ground rules so everyone understands responsibilities and boundaries.The objective of this debating game is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster, farther, and better.

Fierce debating can hurt feelings, particularly when strong personalities are involved. Make sure you check in with your opponents so that they are not carrying the emotion of the battles beyond thebattlefield.Break the tension with smiles and humor to reinforce the idea that this is friendly discourse and that all are working toward a common goal.

Reward all those involved in the debate sufficiently when the goals are reached.Let your sparring partners (拳擊陪練) know how much you appreciate their contribution. The more they feel appreciated, the more they'll be willing to get into the ring next time.

61.What happens when you have like-minded people around you all the while?

A.It will help your company expand more rapidly.

B.It will create a harmonious working atmosphere.

C.It may prevent your business and career from advancing.

D.It may make you feel uncertain about your own decisions.

62.What does the author suggest leaders do?

A.Avoid arguments with business partners.

B.Encourage people to disagree and argue.

C.Build a wide and strong business network.

D.Seek advice from their worthy competitors.

63.What is the purpose of holding a debate?

A.To find out the truth about an issue.

B.To build up people's moral strength.

C.To remove misunderstandings.

D.To look for worthy opponents.

64.What advice does the author give to people engaged in a fierce debate?

A.They listen carefully to their opponents' views.

B.They show due respect for each other's beliefs.

C.They present their views clearly and explicitly.

D.They take care not to hurt each other's feelings.

65.How should we treat our rivals after a successful debate?

A.Try to make peace with them.

B.Try to make up the differences.

C.Invite them to the ring next time.

D.Acknowledge their contribution.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

今年在長(zhǎng)沙舉行了一年一度的外國(guó)人漢語(yǔ)演講比賽.這項(xiàng)比賽證明是促進(jìn)中國(guó)和世界其他地區(qū)文化交流的好方法.它為世界各地的年輕人提供了更好地了解中國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì).來(lái)自87個(gè)國(guó)家共計(jì)126位選手聚集在湖南省省會(huì)參加了從7月6日到8月5日進(jìn)行的半決賽和決賽.比賽并不是唯一的活動(dòng).選手們還有機(jī)會(huì)參觀了中國(guó)其他地區(qū)的著名景點(diǎn)和歷史名勝.

參考答案解析

1.C.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了children，careful，juice和Timmy等詞，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與孩子的行為相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，男士抱怨說(shuō)他都不知道該拿蒂米怎么辦了，今天早上，他發(fā)現(xiàn)桔子汁在廚房灑了一地，而女士則說(shuō)，別對(duì)蒂米太嚴(yán)厲了，他才四歲.由此可見(jiàn)，女士認(rèn)為男士不用小題大做，故答案為C.

2.A.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為名詞短語(yǔ)，且出現(xiàn)了fitness，job，computer和club等詞，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與健身或者工作相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，女士向男士詢(xún)問(wèn)俱樂(lè)部健身鍛煉的事情，男士則說(shuō)他會(huì)帶著女士去找專(zhuān)門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)新會(huì)員的經(jīng)理.由此可知，女士是對(duì)俱樂(lè)部健身鍛煉感興趣，故答案為A.

3.B.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了sweater，save，fuel bills和heating等詞，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與寒冷天氣以及取暖相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，女士說(shuō)她覺(jué)得很冷，問(wèn)能不能把暖氣開(kāi)大一點(diǎn)，而男士則表示抱歉，說(shuō)自己沒(méi)錢(qián)了，都快付不起燃料費(fèi)賬單了，建議女士穿上毛衣.由此可知，男士想要節(jié)省燃料費(fèi)，故答案為B.

4.A.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，且出現(xiàn)了theft，pictures，shopping和camera等詞，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與商店里發(fā)生的事情相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，男士要將女士帶到保安室去，并說(shuō)商店里的攝像頭已經(jīng)把女士所做的事都錄下來(lái)了，而女士則表示自己什么都沒(méi)有做，如果男士敢侮辱她的話(huà)，她就報(bào)警.由此可知，男士認(rèn)為女士偷了商店里的東西，故答案為A.

5.B.選項(xiàng)均以she開(kāi)頭，且出現(xiàn)了medicine，doctor和cough等詞，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與女士的健康狀況相關(guān).

男士說(shuō)女士應(yīng)該馬上去看醫(yī)生，而女士則說(shuō)再等幾天，她相信自己的咳嗽很快就會(huì)好的.由此可知，直到本對(duì)話(huà)發(fā)生時(shí)，女士都還沒(méi)有去看醫(yī)生，故答案為B.

6.D.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均提到了Pamela，且出現(xiàn)了report，hurry，writing和mistakes等詞，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與帕米拉的報(bào)告相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，男士說(shuō)他聽(tīng)說(shuō)帕米拉的實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告出了很多錯(cuò)，而女士則說(shuō)，如果她不是那么急著做完的話(huà)，就不會(huì)出這么多的錯(cuò).由此可知，帕米拉實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告中的錯(cuò)誤本來(lái)是可以避免的，故答案為D.

7.C.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)，故推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與對(duì)話(huà)發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，男士說(shuō)他們最好能在中午l2點(diǎn)之前退房，現(xiàn)在只剩半小時(shí)了，女士建議加快速度，并讓男士去付賬，她自己給前臺(tái)打電話(huà)，叫人把行李送到樓下.由此可知，對(duì)話(huà)發(fā)生的時(shí)候，兩人還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始辦理退房手續(xù)，還在賓館的房間里，故答案為C..

8.D.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均以she開(kāi)頭，且出現(xiàn)了college，works，speech和message等詞，可以推測(cè)本題考查的內(nèi)容與女士的情況相關(guān).

對(duì)話(huà)中，女士問(wèn)男士以前是否聽(tīng)過(guò)這個(gè)演講者的講座，男士說(shuō)他聽(tīng)過(guò)，并認(rèn)為這位演講的女士很棒，她不僅將自己的觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)得很清楚，而且講得很有趣.由此可知，這位女演講者擅長(zhǎng)傳達(dá)自己想要傳達(dá)的信息，故答案為D.

9.What are the speakers doing?

A.對(duì)話(huà)開(kāi)頭男士說(shuō)羅梅羅先生急著見(jiàn)女士，可能是想讓女士出演他導(dǎo)演的新電影，女士說(shuō)一定得把他安排進(jìn)來(lái).由此可以推斷，對(duì)話(huà)中的兩人正在安排女士的時(shí)間，好讓她能夠與羅梅羅先生見(jiàn)面，故答案為A.

10.What is the woman going to discuss with her agent over lunch on Monday?

B.對(duì)話(huà)中，男士告訴女士她周一需要和自己的經(jīng)紀(jì)人吃午飯，討論一下關(guān)于頒獎(jiǎng)儀式的事情，故答案為B.

11.What do we learn from the conversation about the man?

C.對(duì)話(huà)中，男士和女士一起討論女士的日程安排，從第一句羅梅羅先生想要讓女士出演他導(dǎo)演的新電影可知，女士是位電影演員，而男士對(duì)女士的日程安排非常了解，并且由最后一句可知，男士服從女士的安排.綜合這些內(nèi)容可以推斷出，男士是女士的助理，故答案為C.

12.What does the woman say an applicant should do first to apply for the job?

B.對(duì)話(huà)開(kāi)頭，男士表示他對(duì)女士公司銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理的職位感興趣，請(qǐng)女士給她發(fā)一份申請(qǐng)表，而女士則讓男士直接寄一封書(shū)面的求職申請(qǐng)信.因此，如果男士想要申請(qǐng)這份工作，他首先應(yīng)該做的就是寄一份書(shū)面申請(qǐng)信，故答案為B.

13.What kind of a person is the company looking for?

D.對(duì)話(huà)中女士明確說(shuō)，他們需要能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的員工，而當(dāng)男士要求她再進(jìn)一步解釋的時(shí)候，她說(shuō)這份工作經(jīng)常需要在周末出差.由此可知，這份工作需要能夠在非正常工作時(shí)間加班，故答案為D.

14.What does the man like most about the job?

A.對(duì)話(huà)中，男士明確表示職位廣告中出差這一要求吸引了他，這也正是他想要得到這份工作的原因，故答案為A.

15.What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?

D.對(duì)話(huà)中男士問(wèn)到了薪水問(wèn)題，而女士回答說(shuō)這還有待討論，部分取決于男士的工作經(jīng)歷以及教育背景.由此可以推斷，即使男士得到了這一職位，他的薪水待遇也不是明確規(guī)定好了的，而是得再商議，故答案為D.

16.Why are essential goods displayed in totally different parts of the supermarket?

B.短文開(kāi)頭提到，超市希望顧客看到盡可能多的商品，這就是為什么他們會(huì)把生活必需品分散擺放的原因，故答案為B..

17.Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found?

C.短文中提到，利潤(rùn)高的商品所擺放的位置都是顧客容易夠到的地方，也就是在那些容易接觸到的貨架上，故答案為C.

18.What does the speaker say about supermarket goers?

A.短文中提到，雖然很多人在去超市之前會(huì)列一張購(gòu)物清單，但還是有60%左右的購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為是在購(gòu)物現(xiàn)場(chǎng)決定的.因此，大部分去超市購(gòu)物的人都有沖動(dòng)消費(fèi)的行為，故答案為A.

19.What shouldn't be too surprising according to the speaker?

D.短文臨近結(jié)尾時(shí)提到了一次采訪，接受采訪的顧客通常感覺(jué)自己僅在超市里待了半個(gè)小時(shí)，而實(shí)際上他們已經(jīng)待了超過(guò)45分鐘了.因此，調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，顧客在超市中沒(méi)有了時(shí)間感，而這一現(xiàn)象并不奇怪，故答案為D.

20.What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock?

C.短文一開(kāi)始就說(shuō)，馬蒂·賽爾林在大學(xué)攻讀藝術(shù)和技術(shù)學(xué)位時(shí)，曾有一項(xiàng)有趣的任務(wù)是發(fā)明家用器具，因此，他決定發(fā)明一個(gè)鬧鐘.由此可知，他當(dāng)時(shí)還在讀大學(xué)，故答案為C.

21.What did Matty Sallin do before making the new type of alarm clock?

D.短文中提到，在馬蒂·賽爾林決定設(shè)計(jì)一款新鬧鐘時(shí)，他先征求了不同的人關(guān)于鬧鐘的想法，然后才開(kāi)始動(dòng)手制作，故答案為D.

22.What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique?

C.短文提到，在征求了多人的意見(jiàn)后，賽爾林發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對(duì)鬧鐘感到最不滿(mǎn)的是它吵鬧的叫醒方式，而且人們最希望在受到烤腌肉香味的誘惑中醒來(lái)，所以，他才自己動(dòng)手創(chuàng)造出了一款能夠定時(shí)烤制腌肉，然后將香味散發(fā)出去，使人從夢(mèng)中醒來(lái)的鬧鐘，故答案為C.

23.What does the speaker say about situational loneliness?

A.短文中提到了三種類(lèi)型的孤獨(dú)，其中第二類(lèi)為情景孤獨(dú)，而短文中在對(duì)這一類(lèi)孤獨(dú)的介紹中指出，它通常是由于環(huán)境的變化所引起的，故答案為A.

24.What problem will people have if they experience habitual loneliness?

A.短文中在提到habitual loneliness時(shí)說(shuō)，那些經(jīng)歷習(xí)慣性孤獨(dú)的人在社交方面存在問(wèn)題，無(wú)法親近他人，也就是說(shuō)，他們不合群，不能與他人融洽地交往，故答案為A.

25.Why do some people suffer loneliness according to psychologists?

B.短文末尾部分提到，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然孤獨(dú)的人可能有許多社交，但他們有時(shí)覺(jué)得自己應(yīng)該有更多的社交，他們質(zhì)疑自己的受歡迎程度.故答案為B.

away.此處應(yīng)該填人動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞或詞組，與句中的typed并列，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).locked away意為“把……鎖起來(lái)”.

ten此處應(yīng)該填入動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的形容詞，表示狀態(tài).forgotten意為“被遺忘的”.該句指出，個(gè)人信息放在那里多年，根本就沒(méi)有重見(jiàn)天日的機(jī)會(huì).因此，它們是“被遺忘的”.

28.Responsible for.該空所在句是一個(gè)倒裝句，其正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是The astonishingly 29development in recent years of the computer has been 28 the change.所以該空應(yīng)該填人一個(gè)形容詞或詞組作表語(yǔ).responsible for意為“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)，對(duì)……承擔(dān)責(zé)任”.

.此處應(yīng)該填入形容詞，被副詞astonishingly修飾的同時(shí)，修飾名詞development，合在一起，表示“驚人地快速發(fā)展”.swift意為“快速的”.

ted.此處應(yīng)該填入動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，與is一起構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).collected意為“收集”.

utions.此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)名詞，被lending修飾.institutions意為“機(jī)構(gòu)”.

ment agencies.此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)名詞或名詞詞組，與前面的名詞或詞組并列.government agencies意為“政府機(jī)構(gòu)”.

on .此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞，被形容詞frightening修飾.invasion意為“侵犯”.

ent.此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞，被前面的副詞increasingly修飾.efficient意為“有效率的”.

oned.此處應(yīng)填人一個(gè)形容詞或動(dòng)詞分詞形式作people的后置定語(yǔ).questioned意為“被問(wèn)到的”.

te.形容詞辨析題.該空前面是所有格形式baby’s，后面是名詞toy，故推測(cè)空格處為形容詞.根據(jù)常識(shí)推斷，嬰兒的玩具一般都是他們喜歡的，故答案為favorite“最喜歡的”.備選形容詞中，crazy

“發(fā)狂的，發(fā)瘋的.”和definite“確定的”均與句意不符，可以排除.

t.動(dòng)詞辨析題.該空前面是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may，故空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形.根據(jù)下文可知，孩子認(rèn)為妹妹分到了更多果汁，因此一定會(huì)表示不滿(mǎn)，由此確定protest“抗議”為答案.備選動(dòng)詞中，只有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，而advocate意思為“主張”，不符合句意，可以排除.

.名詞辨析題.該空前面為冠詞the，后面為介詞of，故推測(cè)空格處應(yīng)填入名詞.根據(jù)句意：4歲大的孩子也許會(huì)抗議說(shuō)妹妹分到了更多果汁，僅僅是因?yàn)椴ＡП男螤畈煌皇枪摹?形狀不同，也許容量是一樣的，由此確定amount“量”為答案.備選名詞中，differences“不同”和theories“理論”均不符合句意，可以排除.

es名詞辨析題.空格前為形容詞child-sized，空格后為介詞about，故推測(cè)該空格處為名詞.根據(jù)句意：孩子們就像一些很棒的小科學(xué)家一樣，總是會(huì)驗(yàn)證他們孩子們般大小的事物運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的——.由此可知，theories“理論”符合句意，故為答案.備選名詞differences“區(qū)別”不符合句意，可以排除.

ately.副詞辨析題.空格前是will，空格后是test，故該空格處應(yīng)填入副詞.聯(lián)系上下文，孩子一而再地把勺子扔到地上，直到父母說(shuō)不再撿起，隨后，孩子便有了各種疑問(wèn)，故可知孩子會(huì)馬上驗(yàn)證父母的話(huà).由此確定immediately“馬上，立即”為答案.備選副詞中，naturally“自然地”和primarily"主要地”均不符合句意，可以排除.

.形容詞辨析題.空格前為drive you，可以聯(lián)想到固定結(jié)構(gòu)drive sb.+adj..根據(jù)上文可推知，孩子扔勺子繼而試探家長(zhǎng)的反應(yīng)，并不是為了讓他們抓狂，由此確定crazy“發(fā)狂的，發(fā)瘋的”為答案.備選形容詞definite“確定的”不符合句意，可以排除.

42.F. differences.名詞辨析題.空格前為those，空格后是系動(dòng)詞are，故空格處應(yīng)填人名詞.上文提到，she is learning that her desires and yours Can differ“她正是在了解她的需求和你的需求是會(huì)不同的”，此處指不同之處，所以differences“區(qū)別”為答案.

43.J. naturally.副詞辨析題.空格前為主語(yǔ)abilities和動(dòng)詞unfold，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷空格處為副詞.該句句意為：孩子們的認(rèn)知能力會(huì)像花朵一樣綻放，可知這一定是個(gè)自然的過(guò)程，由此確定naturally“自然地”為答案.備選副詞primarily“主要地”不符合句意，可以排除.

44.H. happening動(dòng)詞辨析題.空格前為what else is，空格后為介詞短語(yǔ)，故推測(cè)該空格處為動(dòng)詞

的分詞形式或形容詞.上文指出，孩子們的認(rèn)知能力像花朵綻放一樣，與生命中其他——的事情毫無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián).備選項(xiàng)中，happening“發(fā)生”符合句意，故為答案.備選的動(dòng)詞分詞形式中，confirmed意思是“確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)”;obtaining意思是“獲取”;rejected意思是“拒絕，駁回”，形容生活中的事情都太過(guò)于具體，不符合句意，可以排除.

45.N. rejected.動(dòng)詞辨析題.空格前是have been，空格后是or modified，故該空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞.根據(jù)句意，盡管多年來(lái)他的很多具體結(jié)論被——或是修改，他的想法仍然啟發(fā)了全世界研究者們的諸多研究.由此確定rejected“拒絕，駁回”為本題答案.備選動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞中，confirmed意思為“確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)”，不符合句意，可以排除.

56.A.由題干定位到第二段第一句：It wouldn’t be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries，because you couldn’t reproduce it in most of the US either.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.文章第二段第一句指出，如果說(shuō)很難在其他國(guó)家復(fù)制它，這并不會(huì)令人驚奇，因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)的大部分地區(qū)你也不可能復(fù)制它.從這一句話(huà)中可以得知兩個(gè)信息：在美國(guó)無(wú)法復(fù)制硅谷;在世界其他國(guó)家同樣無(wú)法復(fù)制硅谷.因此硅谷在其他地方難以復(fù)制，故答案為A.

B.“它是美國(guó)最大的技術(shù)中心”;C.“它在高科技領(lǐng)域的聲譽(yù)無(wú)與倫比”和D.“它在信息技術(shù)方面領(lǐng)先世界”在文中均無(wú)體現(xiàn)，故均可排除.

57.B.由題干中的Miami定位到第五段第三句：Few startups happen in Miami，for example，because although it’s full of rich has few nerds.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.文章第五段第三句提到，比如，在邁阿密很少有創(chuàng)業(yè)園區(qū)，因?yàn)楸M管那里的有錢(qián)人比比皆是，但是癡迷科研的人卻寥寥無(wú)幾，即缺少合適的人才，故答案為B.

A.“缺乏投資動(dòng)機(jī)”;C.“缺少政府支持”以及D.“缺乏著名大學(xué)”在文中均未提及，故均可排除.

58.A.由題千中的Carnegie-Mellon和different定位到第六段倒數(shù)第二句：But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh?

推理判斷題.文章第六段倒數(shù)第二句指出，但是卡內(nèi)基.梅隆大學(xué)在匹茲堡開(kāi)辟了什么呢?第七段最后兩句表明，有錢(qián)人并不想住在匹茲堡或是伊薩卡.所以盡管此處有很多能夠建立創(chuàng)業(yè)園區(qū)的電腦迷，卻并沒(méi)有一人為他們投資.綜合這幾句可知，康奈爾大學(xué)不同于斯坦福大學(xué)、伯克利大學(xué)和麻省理工大學(xué)之處在于其所處的地點(diǎn)匹茲堡不能夠吸引有錢(qián)人居住，缺乏投資.故答案為A..

B.“它的科學(xué)系遠(yuǎn)非優(yōu)秀”，由第六段第二句可知，康奈爾大學(xué)同樣是美國(guó)擁有頂尖計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)系的大學(xué)之一，故排除;C.“它無(wú)法培養(yǎng)出電腦迷和癡迷科研者”和D.“它不太注重商業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)”，在文中均未提及，故均可排除.

59.D.由題干中的Boston定位到第七段第二句：The weather is terrible，particularly in winter，and there’s no interesting old city to make up for there is in Boston.

推理判斷題.文章第七段第二句提到，天氣很惡劣，尤其是在冬天，而且又不像波士頓那樣，有古老而有趣的城市可以彌補(bǔ)這一點(diǎn).由此推斷，波士頓的特點(diǎn)是古老和有趣，選項(xiàng)D.與原文意思相符，故為答案.

A.“它全年都有宜人的天氣”B.“它在創(chuàng)造高科技的同時(shí)也創(chuàng)造了財(cái)富”以及C.“它不可能吸引很多的投資者和癡迷科研者”在文中均未提及，故均排除.

60.C.由題干中的startup investors定位到第八段第四至六句：Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people.They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business.This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money.

推理判斷題.第八段第四句表明，創(chuàng)業(yè)園區(qū)的投資者是一群截然不同的有錢(qián)人.接著指出，他們自己往往有很多技術(shù)商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗(yàn).這一點(diǎn)能夠幫助他們選擇正確的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司，同時(shí)也意味著他們提供金錢(qián)的同時(shí)也能夠提供建議和人際關(guān)系.選項(xiàng)C.“他們除了提供金錢(qián)外，還能做更多的事情”和原文意思一致，故為答案.

A.“他們?cè)谕顿Y方面尤為精明”，文中只是提到他們能夠選擇正確的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司，并未提到精明，故排除;B.“他們與政府有著很好的關(guān)系”和D.“他們足夠有錢(qián)給癡迷科研者投資”，文中均未提及，故均排除.

61.C.由題干的like-minded定位到第一段第一句和第三句：It’s nice to have people of like mind around...Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that can expand your company and your career.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.第一段第一句提到，與志趣相投者為伴是一件好事.第三句指出，不幸的是，那種舒適會(huì)阻礙你學(xué)習(xí)擴(kuò)展公司和發(fā)展事業(yè)的知識(shí).故答案為C.

A.“它會(huì)幫助你的公司更加迅速地?cái)U(kuò)大”和定位句意思相悖，可以排除;B.“它會(huì)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)和諧的工作環(huán)境”和D.“它可能會(huì)讓你不確定自己的決定”，文中均未提及，可以排除.

62.B.由題干中的leaders定位到第三段第四句：As a leader，it can be challenging to create an environment in which people will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: From confrontation comes brilliance.

推理判斷題.定位句指出，作為一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一個(gè)人人都自由地辯駁和爭(zhēng)論的環(huán)境是充滿(mǎn)挑戰(zhàn)的，但是常言道：沖突之下，必有精彩.根據(jù)but后面的內(nèi)容可知，作者還是建議領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們創(chuàng)造這樣的環(huán)境，故答案為B..

A.“避免和商業(yè)伙伴產(chǎn)生爭(zhēng)論”，文中鼓勵(lì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)創(chuàng)造自由辯駁和爭(zhēng)論的環(huán)境就是為了使員工積極地爭(zhēng)辯，A.所述和文章意思不符，可以排除;C.“建立一個(gè)廣而強(qiáng)的商業(yè)關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)”和D.“從可以相媲美的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手處尋求建議”，文中均未提及，可以排除.

63.A.由題干中的purpose和debate定位到第五段最后一句：The objective of this debating game is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster, farther, and better.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.第五段最后一句表明，這種辯論游戲的目的并不是贏，而是得到事實(shí)真相，能夠讓你更快更遠(yuǎn)更好地進(jìn)步.故答案為A..

B.“增強(qiáng)人們的精神力量”，第五段提到辯論需要精神力量，這是條件，而非目的，故排除;C.“消除誤解”，文中并未提及，可以排除;D.“尋找可以相媲美的對(duì)手”，文中第五段倒數(shù)第二句提到，一旦你有了可以相媲美的對(duì)手，制定一些基本規(guī)則，從而使大家都明白責(zé)任和底線(xiàn).這并非辯論的目的，可以排除.

64.D.由題干中的fierce debate定位到第六段第一句：Fierce debating can hurt feelings，particularly when strong personalities are involved.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.第六段第一句表明，激烈的辯論會(huì)傷害感情，下文提出建議：確保跟你的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手說(shuō)清楚，這樣他們就不會(huì)在爭(zhēng)論話(huà)題之外還帶有爭(zhēng)論時(shí)的情緒.用笑容和幽默打破這種緊張，并強(qiáng)化一種觀念：這是一種友好的交流，而所有的一切都是朝著一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)前進(jìn).這一切的舉動(dòng)都是為了避免傷害彼此的感情.故答案為D..

A.“他們認(rèn)真地傾聽(tīng)對(duì)手的意見(jiàn)”、B.“他們對(duì)彼此的信念表示應(yīng)有的尊重”以及C.“他們清晰直接地陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)”，在文中均未提及，均可排除.

65.D.由題干定位到第七段前兩句：Reward all those involved in the debate sufficiently when the goals are reached. Let your sparring partners(拳擊陪練)know how much you appreciate their contribution.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題.最后一段前兩句指出，當(dāng)目標(biāo)達(dá)成時(shí)，要給予所有那些參與到辯論中的人充足的獎(jiǎng)賞.讓你的拳擊陪練知道你是多么感激他的付出.選項(xiàng)D.“感謝他們的付出”與原文意思相符，故為答案.

A.“試圖與他們和解”，文中提到獎(jiǎng)賞和感激，而非和解，可以排除;B.“盡量彌補(bǔ)差距”，文中并未提及，可以排除;C.“邀請(qǐng)他們下次再來(lái)拳擊場(chǎng)”，文中提到，他們對(duì)這種感激之情感受得越深，下次就會(huì)越愿意走上拳擊臺(tái)，C.所述與原文意思相悖，可以排除.

參考譯文：An annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year, which proved to be a good way of promoting the cultural communication between China and other areas of the world.It offered young people all over the world a good opportunity to learn better about China.

A total of 126 contestants from 87 countries gathered in the capital of Hunan Province and took part in both the semi-final and the final from July 6 to August 5.

The competition was not the only activity.The contestants also got chances to visit the famous scenic spots and historical resorts in other parts of China.

1.翻譯第一段第一句時(shí)，注意“舉行了……比賽”可翻譯為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，需要用be held結(jié)構(gòu)表示“舉行”;此外，“一年一度”英譯時(shí)用annual表示即可;“外國(guó)人漢語(yǔ)演講比賽”切不可按照中文語(yǔ)序直接翻譯，需要先譯Chinese speech contest，再譯for foreigners.

2.翻譯第一段第二句時(shí)，注意該句的主語(yǔ)和前一句的主語(yǔ)都是“比賽”，故可以將其翻譯為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.另外，“證明是”譯為proved to be;“文化交流”譯為cultural communication;“……的好方法”譯為a good way of….

3.翻譯第一段第三句時(shí)，注意“更好地了解中國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì)”中“機(jī)會(huì)”為中心詞，其他部分為定語(yǔ)，故翻譯為a good opportunity to learn better about China.

4.翻譯第二段時(shí)，注意該句中的定語(yǔ)成分較多，因此需要先找到句子主干，即“選手聚集在湖南省省會(huì)參加了半決賽和決賽”.“來(lái)自87個(gè)國(guó)家共計(jì)126位選手”中，“共計(jì)”譯為a total of;“來(lái)自87個(gè)國(guó)家”譯為from 87countries，作為定語(yǔ)放在contestants之后.“參加了半決賽和決賽”譯為took part in both the semi-final and the final.

5.翻譯第三段第二句時(shí)，“選手們還有機(jī)會(huì)……”的譯法很多.一種是直接用contestants作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用also get/have chances/opportunities to….另一種是用there be句型來(lái)表達(dá)，即there are also chances/opportunities for constants to….“著名景點(diǎn)和歷史名勝”可譯為the famous scenic spots and historical resorts.

以上就是為大家整理的歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題練習(xí)，希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?。英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試是有難度，不過(guò)多做真題可以幫助大家提升英語(yǔ)能力，掌握四級(jí)的考試難度，幫助大家更好的應(yīng)對(duì)四級(jí)考試。