大家好，四六級(jí)考試即將來臨，小編為了幫助廣大考生過級(jí)，特開辟新欄目，考前每天一篇翻譯練習(xí)（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習(xí)用。

聲明：押題只是練習(xí)翻譯手感，積累話題詞匯，練習(xí)常考句式結(jié)構(gòu)，切勿迷信。

博大精深的中國傳統(tǒng)文化，一直是四六級(jí)翻譯最?？嫉脑掝}，今天一起來看下~

一、四合院

四合院(the quadrangle )是中國的一種傳統(tǒng)合院式住宅。一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的四合院通常由一個(gè)庭院及其四周獨(dú)立的房屋構(gòu)成。

不同方位的房屋有著不同的名稱。坐北對(duì)著庭院入口處的稱為正房(main house)，東西兩邊的稱為廂房(side house)，坐南朝北的稱為倒座房(reversely-set house)。

長輩或一家之主住正房，晚輩住廂房。倒座房可以用作廚房、儲(chǔ)物間、客廳或書房。四合院如今已經(jīng)成為觀光景點(diǎn)，并為世界各地的游客所熟知。

【參考譯文】：

The quadrangle is a traditional courtyard residence in China. A standard quadrangle usually consists of a courtyard with independent houses along its four sides.

Houses in different directions have their own names. The house on the north facing the courtyard’s entrance is called the main house; the house which lies on the east or west is called the side house; and the one that stands on the south is called the reversely-set house.

The older generation or the head of the household lives in the main house, while the younger generation lives in the side houses. The reversely-set house can be used as a kitchen, a storeroom, a sitting-room or a study. The quadrangle has now become a tourist attraction and is well-known to tourists from all over the world.

【難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】：

1. 合院式住宅:譯為courtyard residence即可，其中residence意為“住宅， 民居”。

2.坐北對(duì)著…東西兩邊…坐南朝北: 這個(gè)句子含有三個(gè)并列分句，且結(jié)構(gòu)基本一致，所以可以用三個(gè)相同結(jié)構(gòu)的連續(xù)的分句來表達(dá)。為了避免表達(dá)單調(diào)，三個(gè)分句可選擇不同的謂語動(dòng)詞，使譯文既有一致性又富有變化。

3.觀光景點(diǎn):可譯為a tourist attraction 或a sightseeing spot。

4.世界各地的:英語中可把定語前置或者后置，所以此修飾語可譯成all over the world或worldwide.

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二、胡同

人們說，真正的北京文化是胡同(hutong)和四合院(quadrangle courtyard)文化。它們比髙樓大吸引的海內(nèi)外游客更多。

現(xiàn)在，胡同已經(jīng)成為北京文化的代表，因此對(duì)于想了解當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史文化的人來說，胡同是首選。

胡同是蒙古詞，意思是“水井”。在元朝，蒙古人髙度重視水，所以幾乎每一個(gè)城市社區(qū)都圍繞一口井設(shè)計(jì)。直到今天，人們?nèi)匀豢梢栽诤姓业娇菥?/p>

每條小巷中都有故亊。在古代，它們的名宇是口口相傳的，胡同里沒有路標(biāo)(signpost)。直到明、清兩代，胡同的名字才逐漸被書寫下來。

【參考譯文】：

People say that the real culture of Beijing is the culture of hutong and quadrangle courtyards. They attract more tourists from home and abroad than the high-rise buildings and large mansions.

Now hutongs have become representatives of Beijing's culture; thus it is the first choice for people who would like to learn about the local history and culture.

Hutong is a Mongolian word meaning “well”. In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians attached great importance to water, so almost every community in the city was designed around a well. Until now, one can still find dry wells in hutongs.

Where there is such a lane, there is a story. In ancient times, the names of them were passed from mouth to mouth among people; there were no signposts in hutongs. It was not until the Ming and Qing Dynasties that the names of hutongs were written down gradually.

【難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】：

1. 四合院：可譯為quadrangle courtyard，也可以用courtyard house或者courtyard表達(dá)。

2.高樓大廈：此處可譯為the high-rise buildings and large mansions，即“高層建筑和大廈”。

3.成為……的代表：可譯為become representatives of.

4.首選：可譯為first choice，而best choice則意為“最佳選擇”。

5.高度重視：可譯為attach great importance to.其中importance也可以用much修飾。

6.每條小巷中都有故亊：可譯為Where there is such a lane，there is a story.地道，又與眾不同。

好啦！以上就是小編的今日分享！大家加油鴨！預(yù)祝各位一戰(zhàn)過級(jí)！??！