如何抓住雅思閱讀文章核心
相信很多考生都想要知道如何提高自己的閱讀能力,但是攻克閱讀并非是一朝一夕的事情,是需要長(zhǎng)期積累的,也是需要正確的方法和技巧的。所以很多考生在積累不夠的情況下都會(huì)感覺到非常的吃力,那么如何抓住雅思閱讀文章重點(diǎn)呢?一起來看一下吧。
在大部分考生備考時(shí)間緊、復(fù)習(xí)節(jié)奏快的前提下,筆者認(rèn)為,通過結(jié)構(gòu)閱讀法有望在短時(shí)間內(nèi)獲得一定程度的提高。
結(jié)構(gòu)閱讀法是指基于文章內(nèi)在的寫作線索,把握文章段落大意,幫助在中定位。由于雅思閱讀文章大都選自歐美國(guó)家的知名媒體和書刊,文章觀點(diǎn)新穎,論述縝密,故而其內(nèi)在的邏輯和線索,會(huì)組成清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)(structure)??忌裟芑咀x懂各段落主句(Topic Sentence), 通常會(huì)對(duì)文章的大體結(jié)構(gòu)有所認(rèn)識(shí),而這對(duì)于T / F / NG以及List of Headings中那些靠先讀的方法反而越加迷茫和糾結(jié)的目和選項(xiàng)不啻為一種脫。
例如,劍5中page 18/Passage 1 /Test 1/ Questions 1-3:
Which THREE of the following statements are true of Johnson’s Dictionary?
A. It avoided all scholarly words.
B. It was the only English dictionary in general use for 200 years.
C. It was famous because of the large number of people involved.
D. It focused mainly on language from contemporary texts.
E. There was a time limit for its completion.
F. It ignored work done by previous dictionary writers.
G. It took into account subtleties of meaning.
H. Its definitions were famous for their originality.
我們來看本篇文章(page 16-17 / Cambridge V):
Paragraph 1: For the century before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775...
(Topic Sentence)
第一段:介紹當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的語(yǔ)言使用背景。
Paragraph 2: There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these...
(Topic Sentence)
第二段:講述關(guān)于字典的歷史。
Paragraph 3: Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who ...
第三段:對(duì)于字典的需求的呼聲。
Paragraph 4: Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius.
第四段:引入字典的編撰者Johnson, 介紹其背景,為接下來的內(nèi)容鋪墊。
Paragraph 5: James Boswell, his biographer, described the garret where Johnson worked as ‘fitted up like a counting house’ with a long desk running down...
第五段:開始字典編撰工作,條件艱辛。
Paragraph 6: The work was immense: filling about...
第六段:具體工作的描述,字典的特點(diǎn)。
Paragraph 7: After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published on 15 April 1775.
第七段:終于出版,功成名就
Paragraph 8: Johnson had worked for 9 years, ’with little assistance of the learned...
第八段:回顧9年艱辛歷程,鮮有支持,低調(diào)晦暗。
The Final Paragraph: The Dictionary, together with his other writing ...
末段:驚動(dòng)國(guó)王,贈(zèng)予撫恤金。
只需大體讀過,便不難得知,文章的進(jìn)展就是一部字典的“背景醞釀——導(dǎo)入作者——籌劃——?jiǎng)庸P——艱辛筆耕——終于出版——一朝成名”的發(fā)展過程,線索清晰明了,結(jié)構(gòu)歷歷在目。
閱讀上述主句所需時(shí)間也并非想象中很長(zhǎng),因?yàn)榇篌w只需讀過9個(gè)句子,所以花費(fèi)的時(shí)間非但不會(huì)占用過多時(shí)間,反而因?yàn)榻o后面需要判斷的statements提供了一個(gè)清晰可見的framework,而使得判斷速度加快了。
我們看到,選項(xiàng)中大部分是關(guān)于字典的內(nèi)容特點(diǎn),所以考生會(huì)拋開首尾部分,而傾向于去讀第六段,因?yàn)樗谥v述字典的特點(diǎn),會(huì)較多地包了選項(xiàng)所涉及的內(nèi)容,判斷因此顯得從容多了。
類似的情況絕非獨(dú)一無二,在劍5/ Test 1 / Passage 2 “Nature or Nurture?”一文中,同樣包清晰可見的結(jié)構(gòu)。它是順著“實(shí)驗(yàn)話引入——實(shí)驗(yàn)介紹——實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)則——預(yù)計(jì)——實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果——實(shí)驗(yàn)分——實(shí)驗(yàn)討論”的線索展開的,仍然清晰可辨。同樣對(duì)后面的Questions 14 ——19的Matching大有助益。
以上就是為大家整理的如何抓住雅思閱讀文章重點(diǎn)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?。在備考雅思閱讀的時(shí)候,找到合適的方法才是最重要的,所以切記不能夠盲目,希望本篇文章的介紹能夠幫助到大家。