一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was、were)+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他形式。其表示過去某一時(shí)間的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。

1.肯定句

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他

eg: A new shop was built last year.

去年新建了一家商店。

eg: Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.

恐龍蛋是很久以前產(chǎn)的。

2.否定句

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+was/were+not+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他

eg: The ?computers were not bought last week. ?

上周沒有買電腦。

3.一般疑問句

結(jié)構(gòu):Was/Were+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他?

eg:?Were ?the computers bought last week? ?

上星期買的電腦嗎?

4.特殊疑問句

結(jié)構(gòu):特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他?

eg: When ?were the computers bought?

電腦是什么時(shí)候買的?

注:

(1)若句子中含有雙賓語,在改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),遵循以下方法:

1.將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為句子主語。

She gave the little girl some flowers.她給了那個(gè)小女孩一些花。

The little girl was given some flowers by her.

2.將直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為句子主語,此時(shí)間接賓語前通常加上介詞to或for(何時(shí)用to,何時(shí)用for,)。

例:They bought the children many good books.

他們給那些孩子買了許多好書。

→Many good books were bought for the children by them.

例:He lent me a pen.能借給我一支鋼筆?!鶤 pen was lent tome by him.

(2)在不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中,改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),把主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的賓語提到被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語的位置,賓語補(bǔ)足語的位置不變。

例:He asked the boy to wash the car.他讓那個(gè)男孩洗車。

→The boy was asked to wash the car.

例:I saw a policeman enter the classroom.

我看見一名警察進(jìn)了教室。

→A policeman was seen to enter the classroom.

(3)不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加上to。

常接省略to的不定式作補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有:

一感(feel)、二聽(listen to,hear)、三讓(let,make,have)、四看(watch,see,look at,notice),幫助(help)可帶可不帶。