四級考試臨近，為了幫助廣大考生過級，特開辟新欄目，每天一篇翻譯練習(xí)（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習(xí)用。

聲明：押題只是練習(xí)翻譯手感，積累話題詞匯，練習(xí)常考句式結(jié)構(gòu)，切勿迷信。

中國菜

01

中國菜舉世聞名，而菜名更是詼諧有趣，妙趣橫生，充滿中國人的智慧。

很多菜名用字典雅瑰麗，充滿吉祥喜慶之氣，諸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龍須”，雞蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“鳳凰”，雞爪稱“鳳爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。

不少菜名豪華氣派，美不可言，有種湯叫“珍珠瑪瑙(agate)翡翠湯”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。

一些含有祝賀或象征吉祥的菜名，如竹筍炒排骨是 “步步高升”。

有些菜名采用的是成語，蘿卜絲上放根紅辣椒表示“踏雪尋梅”。

參考翻譯：

Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits/ fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people.?

Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”，egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called “white jade” and so on.

Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables.?

Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' .

Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “l(fā)ooking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”.

難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥：

1.吉祥喜慶之氣：full of auspicious and festive atmosphere

2.珍珠瑪瑙翡翠湯：soup of pearl, agate and jade

3.步步高升：higher and higher

4.踏雪尋梅：looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow

中國菜

02

中國菜(cuisine)是中國各地區(qū)、各民族各種菜肴的統(tǒng)稱，也指發(fā)源于中國的烹飪方式。

中國菜歷史悠久, 流派(genre)眾多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。

每一菜系因氣候、地理、歷史、烹飪技巧和生活方式的差異而風(fēng)格各異。

中國菜的調(diào)料(seasoning)豐富多樣，調(diào)料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中國菜強(qiáng)調(diào)色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的靈魂。

中國飲食文化博大精深，作為世界三大菜系之一的中國菜，在海內(nèi)外享有盛譽(yù)。

參考翻譯:

Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China.?

With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines".

Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle.?

Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on the perfect combination of color, flavor, and taste, and the soul of the dishes in taste.?

The culture of Chinese cuisine culture is extensive and profound, and Chinese cuisine, one of the Three World Cuisines, enjoys a reputation home and abroad.

難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥：

1.第一句話的漢語由兩個(gè)分句組成，句子較長，在譯成英文時(shí)，可把它拆分成兩句。“也指發(fā)源于中國的烹飪方式”可單獨(dú)譯成一句also refers to cooking styles originating from China，這樣可以更好的體現(xiàn)兩句的并列關(guān)系。

2.第二句話由三個(gè)分句組成。翻譯時(shí)將“中國菜流派眾多”譯為主句，“歷史悠久”用with a history of...來表達(dá)，“主要代表菜系有…”則用非限制性定語從句表示。這樣可以使譯文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，句式多樣。

3.第三句中的“風(fēng)格各異”可以用be distinctive from表達(dá)，比用have different styles更地道。

4.在“中國菜強(qiáng)調(diào)色、香、味俱佳”中，“色、香、味俱佳”的英文翻譯并沒有逐字的對應(yīng)，因而增譯了combination，把漢語中暗含的意思完整地表達(dá)出來。

中國菜

03

中國是一個(gè)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個(gè)民族都有其獨(dú)特的豐富菜肴。

地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風(fēng)俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。

最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。

中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長處。

參考譯文：

China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.?

Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.?

The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.?

Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.

難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥：

幅員遼闊 a vast territory

資源豐富 abundant resources

歷史悠久 time-honored

民族、多民族 ethnics/multi-ethnics

獨(dú)特的??unique

豐富菜肴 abundant dishes

地域菜系 Regional cuisines

地理環(huán)境 geographical environment

氣候 climate

文化傳統(tǒng) cultural tradition

民族風(fēng)俗 folk customs

經(jīng)過悠久歷史的發(fā)展 after long-history evolution

成形 take shape?

最有影響力的 the most influential

最具代表性的 the most representative

菜系 XX Cuisines

多種多樣的烹飪方法 diversified cooking skills

以……方法區(qū)分的??be characterized by?

各有長處 each has its strong points/ each has its own advantages

以上就是今天的內(nèi)容啦~

祝大家順利過關(guān)！

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