卷三 ?中國家庭姓氏

中國漢族人的全名由姓和名。中文姓名的特點是，姓總是在前，名跟在其后，千百年來，父姓一直世代相傳。然而，如今，孩子跟母姓并不罕見。一般來說，名有一個或兩個漢字，通常承載父母對孩子的愿望。從孩子的名字可以推斷出父母希望孩子成為什么樣的人，或者預期他們過什么樣的生活。父母非常重視給孩子取名，因為名字往往會伴隨孩子一生。?（157字/6句話）

The full name of a Han Chinese is combined by his or her family name and given name. A feature in Chinese names is that people’s family names often come before their given names. For thousands of years, the father’s family names have been passed down through generations. However, today it is not uncommon to see a child to have his or her mother’s family name. Generally speaking, a given name contains one or two Chinese characters, which shows parents’ good wishes to their child. From a given name, we can infer what kind of person parents expect their child to be, or what kind of life they expect their child to have. Therefore, Chinese parents pay a lot of attention to naming their child because names will accompany the child’s life.

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1.?難詞翻譯

中國漢族人

the Han Chinese；(Chinese) Han people; Hanzu

姓

family name; surname

名

given name

父姓

the father’s family name

漢字

Chinese characters

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2. 長句斷句

中文姓名的特點是，姓總是在前，名跟在其后，// 千百年來，父姓一直世代相傳。

A feature in Chinese names is that people’s family names often come before their given names. For thousands of years, the father’s family names have been passed down through generations.

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本次翻譯難度適中，其中卷二（家庭教育）難度偏低。?

許多詞在課堂上均出現(xiàn)過，如：春節(jié)（the Spring Festival）、中秋節(jié)（Mid-Autumn Festival）、繁榮（prosperity），漢字（Chinese characters）。由于/隨著……，越來越多的……。 （With/As… a growing number of …）、不僅……而且……（not?only…but also…）、……并不少見（It?is not uncommon to see …）。

除此之外，一些難度較大的詞也可以用到課上所講的同義替換、解釋等方法來處理：名牌大學（famous/renowned/reputable universities），承載（顯示，表達等，show,?convey），四代同堂（four generations live together）等。

其次，句型的處理方法也大多用到課上講過的技巧處理。比如，長句往往可以截短進行翻譯：“中文姓名的特點是，姓總是在前，名跟在其后，千百年來，父姓一直世代相傳?！笨梢愿膶憺椤爸形男彰奶攸c是，姓總是在前，名跟在其后。千百年來，父姓一直世代相傳?！?A feature in Chinese names is that people’s family names often come before their given names. For thousands of years, the father’s family names have been passed down through generations. 再比如，難句可同意替換后再翻譯：“和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羨慕。”可以簡化為“人們曾羨慕（或渴望/希望擁有）和睦（或快樂）的大家庭?！盤eople used to wish to have a big happy family.

總之，只要課上所講到的技巧大家都熟練掌握了，翻譯部分得到12分左右應(yīng)該是沒有問題的。而要追求近乎滿分的話，則對考生的中英文功底都會有較大的挑戰(zhàn)。

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