How Long Your Sunscreen Actually Protects You, According to Dermatologists

讓皮膚科醫(yī)生告訴你，防曬霜究竟能防曬多長時(shí)間

Protect your DNA!

保護(hù)你的DNA

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Sun-soaking season is here, and that means if you don't lather up with sunscreen, you could be doing serious damage to your skin cells' DNA, setting yourself up to develop a potentially deadly form of cancer.

最適合陽光浴的時(shí)節(jié)已經(jīng)來到，這意味著如果你不適當(dāng)涂抹防曬霜的話，強(qiáng)烈的日光很有可能會嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞你皮膚細(xì)胞的DNA，最終導(dǎo)致你得上一種可能致命的癌癥。

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Melanoma kills more than 10,000 Americans every year, according to the Skin Cancer Foundation.

根據(jù)皮膚癌基金會的資料顯示，在美國，每年因黑色素瘤去世的人就高達(dá)一萬多名。

Those deadly cancer cases are typically caused by UV radiation you get from either baking in the sunshine, or lounging in a tanning bed.

這些致命的癌癥病例通常是由于日光浴中強(qiáng)烈的紫外線輻射造成的，或是因?yàn)槭褂妹篮趦x器導(dǎo)致的。

Indulge in either of those often enough, and you may start to develop cancerous moles. If those marks aren't caught in time, the melanoma can spread to other areas of your body, and become tough to control, even deadly cancer.

經(jīng)常長時(shí)間地接觸日光或美黑儀器，你就有可能會開始長出帶有癌變性質(zhì)的痣。如果沒有及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些“印跡”的話，黑色素瘤就可能蔓延到你身體的其他部位，變得難以控制，甚至?xí)鹬旅陌┌Y。

So it's important to lather up with some protective sunscreen if you're going to be spending time in the sun - especially during warmer summer months, when the UV Index rises and the sun becomes more potent.

因此，如果要長時(shí)間暴露在陽光下——尤其是在炎熱的夏季，紫外線指數(shù)升高，日光變得更強(qiáng)烈時(shí)——及時(shí)涂上一些防曬霜變得尤為重要。

We enlisted the help of two skin experts to explain just how long sunscreen lasts and how to re-apply it correctly. Here's their best advice:

我們邀請了兩位皮膚專家來幫助我們了解防曬霜的持續(xù)時(shí)間以及如何正確地再次涂抹防曬霜。下面是他們提供的最佳建議：

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Your sunscreen SPF is only 100 percent guaranteed for two hours after you put it on

當(dāng)你抹上防曬霜之后，其SPF的100%效力只能保證兩個(gè)小時(shí)

"When we talk about reapplying sunscreen every two hours, that number comes from how SPF is tested," John Zampella, a dermatologist at NYU Langone Health, said.

“當(dāng)我們建議說每隔兩個(gè)小時(shí)就要重新涂抹防曬霜時(shí)，是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)數(shù)字來自于SPF值的測試方式，”紐約大學(xué)朗格尼醫(yī)學(xué)中心的皮膚科醫(yī)生John Zampella說道。

He explained that SPF numbers are based on how much protection a certain sunscreen will give you against the sun for two hours.

他解釋說，SPF值是基于某特定防曬霜在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)抵御陽光的能力得出的。

When you're active and enjoying the sun, like at the beach or a ballgame, it's important to reapply after that.

當(dāng)你一邊運(yùn)動(dòng)一邊享受陽光時(shí)，比如在沙灘上嬉戲或參與球類運(yùn)動(dòng)，最重要的是在活動(dòng)結(jié)束后必須重新涂抹一次防曬霜。

If you put on an SPF of 50 at 10 a.m., by noon, "you're probably still getting some protection, but your SPF 50 is no longer accurate," Zampella said. "Maybe you're getting SPF 10 at that point."

如果你在上午10點(diǎn)涂上了SPF 50的防曬霜，那么到中午為止，“你可能還能獲得一些保護(hù)，但此時(shí)SPF 50的防曬能力就得不到保證了。 ” Zampella 說 ，“也許你在那個(gè)時(shí)候只能獲得SPF 10的防曬效果。”

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For full-fledged protection, use at least SPF 30

為了獲得全面保護(hù)，請至少使用SPF 30的防曬霜

That's what the American Academy of Dermatologists suggests.

這點(diǎn)是美國皮膚科醫(yī)學(xué)會給出的建議。

SPF 30 also happens to be the dose that skin expert David Leffell, author of "Total Skin: The Definitive Guide to Whole Skin Care For Life," and chief of dermatological surgery at Yale School of Medicine, keeps on hand for himself at home.

《全面護(hù)膚：全面護(hù)膚生活的權(quán)威指南》作者，耶魯大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院皮膚病外科主任David Leffell平時(shí)給自己使用的防曬霜指數(shù)也恰好是SPF 30。

For most people, that protection factor gives enough of a shield to fight off about 96% of the damaging, burn-inducing UVB solar rays outside, whether you're at the beach or on the golf course.

對于大多數(shù)人來說，無論是在海灘還是在高爾夫球場上，這種防曬成分都足以抵擋96％以上來自外部，具有破壞性且會引起灼燒感的UVB太陽射線。

Sensitive and fairer skin tones may opt for SPF 50 to get a little extra boost of protection, but Leffell says any SPF higher than 50 only offers minimal extra benefit.

敏感皮膚和偏白的膚色可能需要選擇SPF 50來獲得額外的保護(hù)，但Leffell說任何SPF值超過50的防曬霜能提供的額外好處十分有限。

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It's especially essential to 'refresh' sunscreen in certain burn- and skin cancer-prone areas of the body and face

在身體和臉上某些易曬傷且易得皮膚癌的部位“反復(fù)涂抹”防曬霜，這一點(diǎn)尤其重要

That includes the top of the ears, the forehead, the cheeks, and the nose.

這些部位包括耳尖，前額，臉頰和鼻子。

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Carry sunscreen with you during the day

白天的時(shí)候隨身攜帶防曬霜

Zampella says he totes a bottle of sunscreen with him every day.

Zampella說他每天都會帶著一瓶防曬霜在身上。

"Do I apply it every two hours? Probably not," he said. Realistically, he's probably applying twice a day while in the city. But he's more vigilant when he's spending the entire day outside. "At the beach, I do try and get it on every two hours."

“我每隔兩個(gè)小時(shí)就抹一次嗎？那不一定。”他說。實(shí)際上，在城市里，他可能每天只需要涂兩次。但如果他要在外面度過整整一天時(shí)，他對此變得更加敏感?！霸诤┥希掖_實(shí)需要每兩個(gè)小時(shí)就補(bǔ)涂一次。”

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Make it a daily habit

讓抹防曬霜成為一種日間習(xí)慣

According to Leffell, you should make putting on sunscreen everyday a part of your morning routine, "just like brushing your teeth."

根據(jù)Leffell的說法，你應(yīng)該每天早上都要抹上一層防曬霜，“就像刷牙一樣。”

"By making it a regular behaviour , you have a much increased chance that you won't see it as an annoyance, and that you won't forget to do it," he said.

“讓這成為一種習(xí)慣，這樣你便更有可能每天會記得這樣做，且不會將之視為一種麻煩?！彼f。

Zampella agrees. He says making sun care a daily reflex will "give you the best long term benefits of both skin cancer prevention and also anti-ageing protection."

Zampella表示贊同。他說每日做好防曬工作可以“給你提供效果最佳的長期益處，無論是預(yù)防皮膚癌還是抗衰老?！?/div>

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Women should pay extra attention to their chest, while men should watch out on top of their head

女性應(yīng)該更加注意自己的胸部部位，而男性則應(yīng)該注意自己的頭部

Leffell says women should be especially careful to protect the "v" of their chest from getting burned, since damage there is "very hard to reverse cosmetically with lasers."

Leffell說，女性應(yīng)該特別小心保護(hù)胸部的“v”字部位不被曬傷，因?yàn)橐坏p傷那一塊位置，就“很難用激光美容修復(fù)了”。

For men, he recommends anyone who's lost a bit of hair should liberally apply sunscreen to their bald spots and their neck, and probably add a hat.

對于男性來說，他建議任何呈現(xiàn)脫發(fā)傾向的人都應(yīng)該在他們脫發(fā)的位置和脖子上多涂抹一些防曬霜，并且有可能的話，最好戴上一頂帽子。

"We see a lot of skin cancer on the scalp," he said.

“我們見到很多皮膚癌都發(fā)生在頭皮上?！彼f。

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Once you've lathered up, get out there and enjoy a little sun!

一旦你涂好了防曬霜，就可以大膽走到戶外，享受陽光！

There's plenty of scientific research that suggests a little sunshine on a regular basis can be good for your bones, your mood, and your waistline.

有大量的科學(xué)研究表明，定期的曬太陽會對人的骨骼，心情和腰圍都有益處。

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