獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是英語語法中的一個重要板塊，今天，小編為大家收集、整理了獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相關(guān)的語法知識，一起來看看吧！

獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為兩部分：一部分是名詞或代詞，起邏輯主語的作用；另一部分是非謂語動詞分句（現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式）或無動詞分句（名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語），表示前面名詞或代詞的動作或狀態(tài)。?

基本形式是：名詞普通格/代詞主格+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語，with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

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1． 名詞/代詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞?
現(xiàn)在分詞表示前面的名詞或代詞主動進行的動作或狀態(tài)等。 ?
例 The man lay there, his hands trembling. ?
So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off. ?
His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep. ?
注：“獨立結(jié)構(gòu)”中的being或 having been 有時可以省去，這樣就成了無動詞分句或過去分詞分句。 ?


2． 名詞/代詞+過去分詞 ?
過去分詞表示前面的名詞或代詞被動完成的動作或所處的一種狀態(tài)。 ?
例 The boy lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. ?
The job not finished, we couldn’t see the film. ?
Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move. ?
后面兩個句子也可以看成省略掉了having been，being。如果加上，這兩個句子就又變成了現(xiàn)在分詞分句。 ?


3． 名詞/代詞+不定式 ?
不定式表示的是將來的動作。 ?
例He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food. ?
These are the first two books， the third one to come out next month. ?
We shall get together at 7:30, the procession（游行） to start moving at 8 sharp. ?


4. 名詞/代詞+名詞 ?
名詞一般做前面名詞或代詞的同位語。 ?
例 Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children. ?
He fought the tiger，a stick his only weapon. ?


5． 名詞/代詞+形容詞短語 ?
形容詞（短語）說明前面名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，原因等。 ?
例The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside for a while. ?
I heard that she got injured in the accident， my heart full of sorry. ?
這兩個句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上，就變成了現(xiàn)在分詞分句。 ?


6． 名詞/代詞+副詞 ?
副詞說明前面名詞或代詞的狀態(tài)。 ?
例 The meeting over, we all went home. ?
Nobody in, he left a message on the board. ?
He sat at the table, head down. ?


7. 名詞/代詞+介詞短語 ?
介詞短語說明伴隨前面名詞或代詞的方式或者狀態(tài)。 ?
例 The teacher came in, a book under his arm. ?
The hunter entered the forest， gun in hand． ?
Nobody at home, the thief took a lot of things away. ?


8. with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu), 也可以認為是一種獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) ?
例 A woman got on the bus with a baby around her arms. ?
The teacher came in with several students following behind. ?
With a lot of things to deal with, he will have a difficult time. ?
With the work done, he went out to eat. ?
He left the office with the lights on. ?
Mary rushed out of the house with the door open.?

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