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詼諧的語言，生動的內(nèi)容一分鐘快速掌握科技最新動態(tài)

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Some Nonverbal Vocal Communication Is Learned

We humans are pretty good at communicating with sounds other than words [sound of laughter]. But how much of this is hard-wired, and how much do we pick up from others?

相比起用文字，我們還是比較擅長用聲音交流。但這些聲音中有多少是我們天生懂得發(fā)出的，又有多少是我們后天學習而來的呢？

To find out, researchers recorded the nonverbal sounds of people born deaf, as they responded to a range of positive and negative emotions. The idea being that if certain sounds are learned, deaf people wouldn't know how to make them.

為了找到答案，研究人員錄下了先天耳聾者在積極情緒和消極情緒下發(fā)出的非語言聲音。該研究的設(shè)想是，假如有些聲音是通過后天學習的，那么先天耳聾的人就不可能懂得如何發(fā)出。

Then they played back those recordings for a group of hearing individuals, to see if they could decipher the emotion behind each sound. They guessed correctly more than chance would predict—deaf people’s sounds of amusement and relief were pretty obvious. Which suggests we may be born primed to laugh or sigh.

然后他們向聽力正常的一組人回放錄音，看看他們是否可以從不同聲音中辨認出發(fā)聲人的情緒。研究人員的猜測比隨機猜測的結(jié)果更準確——聾人喜悅或松一口氣時的聲音是非常明顯的，這就表明了我們天生就懂得如何發(fā)笑和嘆氣。

But the listeners had a tough time with these two: [deaf female sound, deaf male sound]. Those are both expressions of triumph. Here’s a hearing person’s [hearing male sound].

但聽錄音的人卻很難分辨以下兩個聲音。（一名失聰女士的聲音，一名失聰男士的聲音。）這兩者表達的都是勝利的心情，而下面這個聲音才是有聽覺的人表達勝利的方式。（聽覺正常的男士聲音。）

So the researchers say certain nonverbal sounds may require experience to learn—just as in language. They'll present the findings at a meeting of the Acoustical Society of America.

因此，研究人員認為某些非語言聲音可能和語言一樣，需要我們后天學習。他們會在美國聲學會的會議上呈現(xiàn)研究成果。

Their theory fits nicely with a previous study, which found that shouts of triumph vary from culture to culture. Maybe that explains why some people can’t stand the vuvuzela.

他們的理論和先前的某個研究非常切合。先前有一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同文化的人在勝利時的歡呼是不一樣的。這可能解釋了沒什么某些人不習慣非洲嗚嗚組啦的歡呼聲。

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