帶有up和down的動詞短語常用來表示某種品質(zhì)的增加或減少。每個表示某種特質(zhì)的用法后面都有意義相近的動詞或簡短的解釋。每個帶有up或down的動詞短語后面都有兩個例句。下面是一個例子：

Up = Increase in Value
增值

Down = Decrease in Value
貶值

to put up (S) = to raise
提高

The supermarket put coffee prices up in January.
一月份，超市的咖啡漲價了。

to bring down (S) = to reduce
減少

The recession brought profits down sharply.
經(jīng)濟蕭條使得利潤劇減。

Remember that phrasal verbs can be either separable or inseparable. Each phrasal verb is also marked as separable (S) or inseparable (I). In the case that verbs are separable, examples will use the separable form of the phrasal verb. For inseparable phrasal verbs, examples keep the phrasal verbs together.
記住，動詞短語既可以是可分割（separable）的，又可以是不可分割（inseparable）的。當動詞可以分割時，我們引用的就是動詞短語分割的例子。對于不可分割的動詞短語，我們舉出的就是動詞短語連用的例子。

Phrasal Verbs with Up
含有up的動詞短語

Up = Increase in Value
增值

to put up (S) = to raise
上升（S）

We'll have to put our prices up to compete.
我們也會提高價格來參與競爭。

Have they put the price of corn up recently?
最近他們的玉米漲價了嗎？

to go up (I) = to increase
增加（I）

The price of gas went up in March.
三月份油價上漲了。

Our rent went up in January.
一月份我們的租金上漲了。

Up = Increase in Size
尺寸變大

to bring up (S) = to raise (usually children)
撫養(yǎng)（通常是小孩）（S）

They brought their children up to be responsible adults.
他們將孩子養(yǎng)大成人。

We're bringing up two children.
我們會把兩個孩子撫養(yǎng)長大。

to grow up (I) = to become older
年紀增長（I）

You've grown up since I last saw you.
你比我上次見到你時長大了。

The children grew up so fast.
孩子們長得真快。

Up = Increase in Speed
速度加快

to speed up (I) = to go faster in a vehicle
交通工具行駛速度加快（I）

He quickly sped up to sixty miles an hour.
他很快將速度加到每小時六十英里。

His motorcycle can speed up to 100 quickly.
他的摩托車速度可以很快達到100英里每小時。

to hurry up (I) = to do something faster, to get ready faster
做某事速度放快，快點做準備（I）

Could you please hurry up?!
你能快點嗎？！

I'll hurry up and finish this report.
我會加快速度完成這篇報告。

Up = Increase in Heat
溫度上升

to heat up (S) = to make hotter
加熱（S）

I'll heat the soup up for lunch.
我會把湯熱一熱作為午餐。

What should I heat up for dinner?
晚餐我該熱點什么吃呢？

to warm up (S) = to make hotter
加熱（S）

I'll warm this soup up for lunch.
我會把湯熱一熱當午餐。

Would you like me to warm your tea up?
我來幫你把茶熱一下吧？

Up = Increase in Happiness, Excitement
更加快樂、興奮

to cheer up (S) = to make someone happier
使某人更快樂（S）

Can you cheer Tim up?
你能為蒂姆鼓鼓勁嗎？

I think we need to cheer them up with a song or two.
我覺得，咱們應(yīng)該用一兩首歌為他們加油。

to liven up (S) = to make something more fun
使某事更加有趣（S）

Let's liven this party up with a game.
我們來玩玩游戲，為聚會更有氣氛吧。

We need to liven this meeting up.
我們要使會議更有趣味性。

Up = Increase Sound
音量加大

to turn up (S) = to raise the volume
調(diào)大音量（S）

Please turn the radio up.
請把收音機音量調(diào)大點。

I like to turn the stereo up when nobody is home.
家里沒人時，我會把音響聲音調(diào)大。

to speak up (I) = to speak with a stronger voice
說話音量加大（I）

You need to speak up for people to understand you.
你說話聲音要大點，好讓別人聽清。

Please speak up in this room.
在這里說話聲音要大點。

Up = Increase in Strength
加大力度

to build up (S) = to increase over time
逐漸增加

It's important to build your muscle strength up over time.
慢慢鍛煉肌肉很重要。

They've built up an impressive stock portfolio.
他們已經(jīng)加大了股票投資。

to pick up (I) = to improve over time
逐漸改善（I）

My health has picked up over the past few days.
這段時間以來，我的身體慢慢好轉(zhuǎn)了。

The stock market has picked up recently.
最近股票市場逐漸走熱。

Phrasal Verbs with Down
含down的動詞短語

Down = Decrease in Value
貶值

to bring down (S) = to reduce
減少（S）

They bring down prices after Christmas.
圣誕節(jié)后，他們降價了。

The summer brought heating oil prices down.
這個夏天，燃料油價格下降了。

to go down (I) = to decrease
減少（I）

The value of the house went down during the recession.
經(jīng)濟蕭條期間，房價下跌了。

Gas prices have gone down dramatically over the past few months.
這幾個月以來，油價劇烈下跌。

to cut down (S) = to reduce the value of
貶值

We've cut our research and development budget down significantly.
我們已經(jīng)大大減少了研究和發(fā)展的預(yù)算。

They've cut their investments down to half.
他們已經(jīng)將投資減少了一半。

Down = Decrease in Speed
速度放慢

to slow down (I) = to reduce your speed
減速（I）

Slow down when you drive into town.
在城鎮(zhèn)行駛時，注意減速。

My car slowed down and stopped at the intersection.
我的車慢慢減速，停在了市鎮(zhèn)。

Down = Decrease in Temperature
溫度下降

to cool down (S) = to a lower temperature
降溫

You'll cool down after you stop exercising.
興奮過后，你的體溫會降下來。

This cool towel will cool you down.
冷毛巾會讓你的體溫降下來。

Down = Decrease in Excitement
冷靜下來

to cool down (S) = to relax
放松（S）

I need to take a moment to cool down.
我需要一會兒時間放松下來。

Tom should cool his friend down so we can continue the meeting.
湯姆應(yīng)該讓他的朋友放松下來，我們才能繼續(xù)會議。

to calm down (S) = to make less excited
平靜下來（S）

I calmed the children down with a movie.
我用看電影的方式讓孩子們安靜下來。

It took him a while to calm down after the meeting.
開完會后片刻，他才安靜下來。

Down = Decrease in Volume
調(diào)小音量

to turn down (S) = to reduce the volume
調(diào)小音量（S）

Could you please turn that music down?
能請你把音樂聲音調(diào)小一點嗎？

I think you should turn the volume down on the radio.
我覺得你應(yīng)該把收音機的音量調(diào)小一點。

to keep down (S) = to remain soft
保持柔和（S）

>Please keep your voices down in the library.
圖書館里要保持安靜。

I'd like you to keep it down in this room.
我想請你在這里保持安靜。

to quieten down (S) = to encourage someone to become quieter
讓某人安靜一點（S）

Could you please quieten your children down?
你能讓你的孩子們安靜一點嗎？

I'd like you to quieten the class down.
我想請你管好班上的紀律。

Down = Reduce Strength
減少濃度

to water down (S) = to reduce the strength of something (often alcohol)
降低某物的濃度（經(jīng)常是在酒后）

Could you water this martini down?
你能在馬蒂尼里加點水一下嗎？

You need to water down your argument.
你需要淡化你的觀點。

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