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詼諧的語言，生動(dòng)的內(nèi)容一分鐘快速掌握科技最新動(dòng)態(tài)

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Assassin Bug Hunts Spiders with Prey Vibes

Toss a piece of leaf onto a spiderweb. The spider is indifferent. Because leaves don't squirm like captured flies. But Australia's "assassin bug" turns the tables on spiders. It exploits their keen sense for vibrations by mimicking the movements of prey—luring unwitting spiders into striking range.

向蜘蛛網(wǎng)扔片樹葉，蜘蛛老大肯定無動(dòng)于衷，那只是片樹葉，又不會(huì)像自投羅網(wǎng)的蒼蠅那樣扭來就去。不過，當(dāng)蜘蛛遇上澳大利亞食蟲椿象，那情形就反轉(zhuǎn)了。蜘蛛對(duì)震動(dòng)反應(yīng)敏銳，食蟲椿象正是利用這一點(diǎn)，模仿蜘蛛獵物扭動(dòng)掙扎，繼而把蜘蛛引誘到自己的攻擊范圍之內(nèi)。

Researchers observed how spiders reacted to various visitors to their webs—like leaf fragments, courting males, prey like flies, and the assassin bugs. The spiders ignored leaves, and assumed mating position for males. But they approached assassin bugs just as if they were investigating a juicy fly.

研究人員觀察了當(dāng)樹葉、求偶對(duì)象、蒼蠅之類的獵物以及食蟲椿象等各種不同生物落到蜘蛛網(wǎng)上時(shí)蜘蛛的反應(yīng)。樹葉之類直接無視掉~至于愛慕者光臨嘛，當(dāng)然是好好享受兩人世界啦~但蜘蛛會(huì)把食蟲椿象當(dāng)成美味可口的蒼蠅一般的獵物，迫不及待對(duì)其下手。

Then the researchers analyzed the frequency, duration and amplitude of each visitor's vibrations. And they found that assassin bug's vibes most closely matched some of those of prey. When prey struggle violently, spiders rush to subdue them—a potentially dangerous situation for assassin bugs. So the bugs have learned to gently pluck the silk strands, to mimic only the unthreatening leg twitches of exhausted prey. The research is in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B. [Anne Wignall and Phillip Taylor, "Assassin bug uses aggressive mimicry to lure spider prey"]

研究人員經(jīng)分析各造訪生物震動(dòng)的頻率、持續(xù)時(shí)間以及振幅發(fā)現(xiàn)，食蟲椿象與蜘蛛的某些獵物的震動(dòng)特點(diǎn)最為相似。要是獵物拼命掙扎，蜘蛛會(huì)在第一時(shí)間把他們解決掉——對(duì)食蟲椿象來說這也是個(gè)潛在危險(xiǎn)。因此，食蟲椿象學(xué)會(huì)了小心翼翼地振動(dòng)蜘蛛網(wǎng)，以模仿小腿抽搐、精疲力盡因而毫無威脅的獵物。這項(xiàng)研究刊登在《皇家學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)報(bào)B》上。

The assassin bug’s choice of vibrations maximizes the chances that the spider, while still behaving like the hunter, becomes the hunted.

食蟲椿象選擇的振動(dòng)方式將蜘蛛變成獵物的幾率最大化，可憐那蜘蛛還蒙在鼓里呢。

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