美國(guó)人如何寫作:三大原則要謹(jǐn)記
1. 尤其在商業(yè)上,報(bào)章雜志或公文書信上,盡量不用難字 (big word) 或過(guò)時(shí)的字眼 (old-fashioned word); 例如:
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (許多人認(rèn)為道德教育是高等知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英畝的土地是本大學(xué)發(fā)展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,會(huì)更簡(jiǎn)單易懂。)
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (這消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更簡(jiǎn)單?) (動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是:spread, spread, spread)
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (這大學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)個(gè)子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白嗎?)
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的員工解釋這份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也許更明白。)
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想嘗試當(dāng)個(gè)醫(yī)生) (如果用try代替endeavor,會(huì)更淺白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我們希望將來(lái)看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也許更簡(jiǎn)單!)
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善機(jī)構(gòu)要求我們一年一度樂(lè)捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更淺白易懂。)(solicitation是名詞)
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (當(dāng)新老板來(lái)后,我們不知會(huì)有什么發(fā)生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也許更明白。)
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提過(guò)的事,請(qǐng)盡速辦理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
這就像美國(guó)大文豪馬克吐溫 Mark Twain 也曾說(shuō)過(guò):「我不愿在字典里找長(zhǎng)字或難字,我絕不用『metropolis』這個(gè)字,因?yàn)槲彝瑯涌梢杂谩篶ity』這個(gè)字來(lái)代替」。羅斯??偨y(tǒng)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)美國(guó)政府不會(huì)遺忘那些窮人,在一篇講詞里用了這么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后來(lái)被人批評(píng)咬文嚼字,賣弄文筆。如果用淺白易懂的字眼寫成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也許更簡(jiǎn)單明白!
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