在上一個章節(jié)中，我們系統(tǒng)探討了餅狀圖主體段的高端寫作思路和句型發(fā)展方式。在本章節(jié)里，專家將繼續(xù)探討柱狀圖主體段的高分思路和寫法。

有了前2章節(jié)的鋪墊，大家會對柱狀圖的寫法有了一定的認識，因為線圖和餅圖中很多句型及其發(fā)展方法都可以運用到柱狀圖里。我們在觀察柱形圖的時候首先要留意橫軸的數(shù)據(jù)，若橫軸為時間軸或者是年齡趨勢，那么我們在主體段寫作時候的基本思路就為從左到右；若橫軸數(shù)據(jù)為具體專有名詞諸如地點，交通工具等時，主體段的寫作思路就可能是按照柱形的長度排列。筆者根據(jù)上述的分析做以下的總結：

一、按照橫軸從左到右排列數(shù)據(jù)：

1. 兩根柱且趨勢截然相反

在這種寫法中，我們要注意觀察2根柱的上升/下降的幅度。以下我們就來看一個例子：

The charts below show the main reasons for study among students of different age groups and the amount of support they received from employers.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

You should write at least 150 words.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The first graph shows that there is a gradual decrease in study for career reasons with age. Nearly 80% of students under 26 years, study for their career. This percentage gradually declines by approximately15% every decade. Only 40% of 40-49yr olds and 18% of over 49yr olds studied for career reasons in late adulthood.

Conversely, the first graph also shows that study stemming from interest increases with age. There are only 10% of under 26yr olds studying out of interest. The percentage increases slowly till the beginning of the fourth decade, and increases dramatically in late adulthood. Nearly same number of 40-49yr
olds study for career and interest. However 70% of over 49yr olds study for interest in comparison to 18% studying for career reasons in that age group.

在第一幅柱狀圖中，我們可以看到，藍色和紅色的2根柱呈現(xiàn)出截然相反的變化趨勢，因此，我們在排列數(shù)據(jù)時可以分別描述各自的上升/下降幅度，見劃線第一個句子。這2根柱的變化幅度相對都是比較均勻的，我們在計算幅度時可以簡單的將最大和最小值相減，然后除以區(qū)間數(shù)，就能得出大約的幅度，在描述時只要在幅度前加上表示大約的副詞即可。從句型角度，我們可以選擇主謂結構的簡單句來實現(xiàn)對變化幅度的描寫，見劃線第一個句子。

接下來，我們在描述第2根柱形變化的時候，要特別注意選擇的句型在邏輯關系上和第一根柱變化幅度間的聯(lián)系，見劃線第二個句子。

2. 三根以上柱形且多種趨勢：

應對這樣的柱形圖，我們可以先描寫最長的那根柱的數(shù)據(jù)，也可以將最長的2根柱的數(shù)據(jù)放在一起描寫。以下我們就來看一個例子：

The graph shows Internet Usage in Taiwan by Age Group, 1998-2000.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The graph shows changes in the age profile of Internet users in Taiwan between 1998 and 2000.

The main users of the Internet in Taiwan are young adults between 16 and 30 years old. In 1998, they accounted for more than half of all users. In 1999 the number dropped slightly to 45%, but even in 2000 they were the biggest group.

The second biggest group of users is aged between 31 and 50. They made up 41% in 1998, falling slightly to 37% in 2000. When combined with the 16-30 age group, over 94% of users in 1998 were between 16 and 50.

However this number is dropping steadily as more children and older users log on. In 1999, the number of children online quadrupled from 2% to 8%, and it continued to increase in 2000. There were similar increases for older users, rising from 4% in 1998 to 10% in 2000.

In summary, while adults between 16 and 50 still represent the great majority of Internet users in Taiwan, their share is declining as more children and older users join the web.