Participle clauses are a bit like relative clauses – they give us more information.
分詞從句有點像定語從句—它告訴我們更多信息。

? People wearing carnival costumes filled the streets of Rio de Janeiro.
? The paintings stolen from the National Gallery last week have been found.
The participle clauses (‘wearing …’ and ‘stolen ….’) act like relative clauses. We could say:
這些句子里的分詞從句(‘wearing …’ and ‘stolen ….’)就發(fā)揮跟定語從句一樣的作用。 改為定語從句就是：

? People who were wearing carnival costumes filled the streets of Rio de Janeiro.
? The paintings which were stolen from the National Gallery last week have been found.

With the Past Participle
帶過去分詞的從句

? A pair of shoes worn by Marilyn Monroe have been sold for fifty thousand dollars.
? Trees blown down in last night’s storms are being removed this morning.

We use the past participle – ‘blown’ in the last example but the ending ‘-ed’ is used in regular verbs – when the meaning is passive.
這里最后一個例子里，我們用過去分詞blown，但是表示被動的時候，規(guī)則動詞是以ed結尾。

With the Present Participle
帶現(xiàn)在分詞的從句

? A woman carrying a bright green parrot walked into the room.
? A man holding a gun shouted at us to lie down.
We use the present participle - the ‘-ing’ form – to form the participle clause when the meaning is active.
當意思是表示主動的時候，我們用現(xiàn)在分詞—ing形式來組成分詞從句。
Notice that the participle clauses with the present participle have a continuous meaning. If we replaced them with a relative clause it would be in a continuous tense.
注意帶現(xiàn)在分詞的分詞從句有一種進行時的意義，如果我們用定語從句來代替它的話，將用進行時態(tài)。
? A man holding a gun has the same meaning as A man who was holding a gun.
We can’t make a participle clause with a present participle when the meaning is not continuous.
當要表達的意義不是含有進行時的意義時，我們不能使用現(xiàn)在分詞從句。如：
? The woman living next door is on holiday.
? The woman who lives next door is on holiday.